Instructional Design

Question 1

Is also known as Lesson Plan – Systematic plan to facilitate learning toward specified competencies
or objectives at the unit or subject level in a curriculum

Answer 1

Instructional design

Question 2

Instructional Design Elements

Answer 2

• Situational Analysis
• Learning Objectives
• Learning Activities
• Student Evaluation

Question 3

Situational Analysis

Answer 3

• Curricular goals
• Learners characteristics
• Instructional Resources
• constraints

Question 4

Learning Objective

Answer 4

• Knowledge, skills, and attitude
• Student competencies
• Terminal (end of the subject
• Intermediate (unit or lesson)

Question 5

Learning Activities

Answer 5

• Selection and organization
• Content
• Learning activities
• Content

Question 6

Student Evaluation

Answer 6

• Types of evaluation
• Tools
• Test Blueprint
• Details of test administration

Question 7

• Where are we now
• Diagnosis of needs (Taba, 1962)
• Process of examining factors that exist in the environment or society where the curriculum is going to be implemented.

Answer 7

Situational analysis

Question 8

who and how many; what knowledge, skills and attitudes are they bringing to the course

Answer 8

Learners

Question 9

Learner characteristics examples

Answer 9

field dependent vs field independent;
learners with surface approach vs learners with deep approach;
understanding the characteristics/differences leads to
better teaching strategies and the like

Question 10

how will my course contribute to the objective of the curriculum

Answer 10

Teachers/institutional objectives

Question 11

What resources are available to me in terms of faculty, facilities, materials and time that will be useful in the conduct of my course?

Answer 11

Resources available/constraints

Question 12

the resources available determine what can realistically be accomplished in terms or objectives and learning activities

Answer 12

Instructional resources

Question 13

• What is our direction
• Key element in instructional design
• Specification of the desired learning outcomes or competencies as a result of learning experience at the end of unit or subject
• Stated in the form of knowledge, skills and attitudes
• Provide direction in selection of content and learning activities and selection of assessment methods and tools
• There should be congruences among objectives, content, learning activities and assessment methods

Answer 13

Learning Objectives

Question 14

Qualities of learning objectives

Answer 14

Clear
Relevant
Attainable
Adequate
Measurable

Question 15

specifies the desired behavior (performance) to be demonstrated under a given situation (condition)

Answer 15

Clear

Question 16

clearly contributes to higher-level objectives and to the future work (professional responsibilities or tasks) of
students

Answer 16

Relevant

Question 17

realistic or can be achieved through the learning experiences provided using resources available

Answer 17

Attainable

Question 18

includes all essential knowledge, skills, and attitudes that the desired learning requires

Answer 18

Adequate

Question 19

specifies the standards or criteria by which attainment of the objectives can be determined

Answer 19

Measurable

Question 20

Words open to many interpretations

Answer 20

To know 
To understand 
To really understand 
To appreciate 
To fully appreciate 
To grasp the significance of 
To enjoy 
To believe 
To have faith in

Question 21

Words open to fewer interpretations

Answer 21

To write
To recite
To identify
To differentiate
To solve
To construct
To list
To compare
To contrast

Question 22

Guidelines in Formulating Objectives

Answer 22

1. Derive your learning objectives from the knowledge, skills and attitudes (task analysis) defined in the
   professional responsibilities that are within the purpose and scope of your subject or unit.
2. Start with an action verb that indicates the desired learner performance.
3. Use only one learning outcome at a time.
4. Specify the condition under which the student’s performance will be tested when such test situation is not clearly implied.
5. Specify the standard or minimum acceptable level or degree of performance unless they are clearly implied.

Question 23

: The first step in instructional planning

Answer 23

identify and define our instructional objectives as learning outcomes

Question 24

learning outcomes

Answer 24

a. Provides direction for the instructor; conveys his instruction intent to others
b. Provides guide for selecting the subject matter, the teaching methods, and materials to be used during
instruction
c. Provides a guide for constructing tests and other instruments for evaluation of student achievement

Question 25

“Good” and “Bad” Objectives

Answer 25

1. Realizes the importance of neatness
2. Explains the importance of neatness.
3. Predicts the outcome of an experiment.
4. See the value of an experiment.

Question 26

• How are we doing
• Determine how much the students have learned
• Assessment findings serve as bases for making instructional or administrative decision

Answer 26

Evaluation of student learning

Question 27

(1) Provide both students and teachers with the information they need to improve the learning process while it’s happening.
(2) Monitor progress toward a goal or objective.
(3) When the chef tastes the soup.

Answer 27

• Formative Evaluation

Question 28

(1) Generally administered at the end of a unit or course.
(2) Measure the mastery of learning standards.
(3) When the guests taste the soup

Answer 28

• Summative Evaluation

Question 29

Data need to be collected for Learning objectives

Answer 29

Cognitive
Psychomotor
Attitudes

Question 30

Data need to be collected for Base of assessments

Answer 30

Tests
Demonstrations
Observations

Question 31

QUALITIES OF A GOOD METHODS/TOOLS OF EVALUATION

Answer 31

Validity

Reliability

Question 32

o Accurately measures what it is measuring
o Appropriate methods are used
o Results satisfy objectives

Answer 32

Validity

Question 33

o Degree to which an assessment tool produces stable and consistent results.
o Results are consistent

Answer 33

Reliability