LARE Section 2 Flashcards
A project program will always include:
- A list of goals and objectives
- Elements to be included in the design
- Special requirements for the design to fulfill
What is the difference between goals and objectives?
Goals are general statements of intent for the overall design, objectives are specific statements that suggest how goals are going to be accomplished. They are more action oriented.
What information guides programming studies?
- Market Analyses
- Literature review
- User demand studies
- Stakeholder interviews/surveys
- Analysis of relevant precedents
- Client objectives
- Project budget
Site selection is guided by….
- project objectives
- project requirements
- the general location/area/region for desired use
What are the benefits of a thorough site selection?
- Improved site function
- Greater convenience and access for users
- Reduced construction costs
- Reduced maintenance operational costs
- Improved aesthetics
- Reduced environmental impacts
What are the seven steps of the site selection process are as follows:
- Determining the project objectives and requirements
- Establishing the site selection criteria
- Identifying potential sites
- Evaluating each potential site against the project requirements
- Ranking the potential site against one another
- Selecting the ideal site
- Testing the project’s feasibility
Which type of development should be encouraged: urban in-fill/brownfield developments vs. greenfield sites?
Urban In-fill and Brownfield Sites
Urban In-Fill
development on unused and underutilized lands within urban areas
Brownfield Site
Any previously developed land that is not currently in use. It may be potentially contaminated, but it is not required for and area to be referred to as “brownfield”
Phase 1 Environmental Site Assessment
Site assessment required on all brownfield sites prior to the sale of the property to determine the past and current site ownership and to identify if any activities took place that would have resulted in site contamination.
Phase 2 Environmental Site Assessment
Required to determine the location and remediation of contaminants on site and to establish if future
What does an environmental impact statement include?
- A description (including maps) of the area(s) to be affected by a proposed development
- An inventory and analysis of the site’s resources
- Detailed studies of the environmental consequences of development. Note that this forms the basis for comparisons to any proposed development alternatives and/or mitigation
- Description of development alternatives an/or mitigation, including the impacts of those alternatives and/or mitigation
What is a PUD?
Although sometimes included as part of zoning regulations, PUDs are often framed as a variation of traditional zoning practices or “rezoned” special districts.
PUDs are a tract of land that is controlled by one entity and planned and developed as a single development (at once or in stages) over a relatively long period of time (generally 5-15 years). PUDs allow the consolidation of multiple parcels into a single master-planned project, often for mixed-use development. PUDs provide greater flexibility in meeting the density and land use requirements for the site as a whole and- as such- allow for the protection of environmentally sensitive areas and the creation of walkable neighborhoods, among other benefits.
What would be requested for a project that proposes higher densities and mixed uses on some portions of the site and preservation of open space on others?
Planned Unit Development
The site inventory should be…
a focused process of collecting and mapping essential attribute attribute data for the site and its context
What does a topographic survey include?
- Topographic Contours
- Spot Elevations
- Vegetation and physical attributes: including streams, rock outcroppings and wooded areas
- Utilities
- Boundaries
What is a topographic survey?
Like a boundary survey, topographic information is often conducted as part of the scope of an ALTA survey. However, there are numerous instances when a client or designer needs updated or higher resolution topographic information an- in these instances- they would commission a topographic survey
Which attributes can be combined to produce a solar radiation map?
Slope, aspect, vegetation, soils
What are native plant associations defined by?
Repetition of the dominant plants indigenous to a given area
Wetland delineation is defined by changes in…
hydric soils, must support wetland vegetation
How is plant health affected by a reduction in available phosphorous and potassium?
Reduced production of fruits, seeds, and root growth
The seven steps of the site selection process are as follows:
Determining the project objectives and requirements
Establishing the site selection criteria
Identifying potential sites
Evaluating each potential site against the project requirements
Ranking the potential site against one another
Selecting the ideal site
Testing the project’s feasibility
What is the difference between site inventory and site analysis?
site inventory is the process of documenting various site data while site analysis requires the landscape architect to interpret the site inventory data to make conclusions relevant to the design process.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of developing a brownfield site or an urban infill site?:
- Economic revitalization
- Providing housing near jobs and services
- Decreasing automobile use (less traffic, pollution, carbon emission reduction)
- Transit-oriented development of walkable neighborhoods
- Greater sense of community