Lanuage

Question 1

Phoneme

Answer 1

Smallest unit of language(S, T, M) Ex: ch, sa, a, e, o

Question 2

Morpheme

Answer 2

Smallest unit that bears some meaning(Da da)

Question 3

Grammar

Answer 3

A set of rules that enables us to communicate and understand

Question 4

Syntax

Answer 4

Rules for arranging words into sensible sentences

Question 5

Semantics

Answer 5

Rules that derive meaning: relationship between words and how different people can draw different meanings from those words): crash can mean accident, and a drop in the stock market

Question 6

Pragmatics

Answer 6

Using language in social situations, what is appropriate, friends, teachers, children, etc. communication rules, etc.

Question 7

DEEP VS SURFACE structure

Answer 7

Deep is meaning, surface is structure: order of words

Question 8

Language Acquisition(Baby Talk) what time most critical period?

Answer 8

Critical period: most apt to obtain and learn is age 2-7

Question 9

Language Development(Receptive Language)

Answer 9

Listening, reading, comprehend spoken/written language, if teacher tells you to read a book, you comprehend what she said with receptive expressive language. Location: Wernicke’s area(left upper part of temporal lobe)

Question 10

Language Development(Productive Language or known as Expressive Language)

Answer 10

Talking, writing, body language, produce new language

Question 11

Stages of Development: what age is Babbling and what happens during Babbling

Answer 11

4-12 months, and uttering phonemes

Question 12

Stages of Development: what age is one word Holophrastic Speech. What concept do they learn

Answer 12

1-2yr, One word concepts(Ex: mama, dada, ball, juice, etc.)

Question 13

Stages of Development: what age do they learn Two-Word/Telegraphic and what is

Answer 13

2yrs. Descriptive adjective to correspond with the concept(Ex: kitty tired, I hungry)

Question 14

Stages of Development: Overgeneralization

Answer 14

Applicaiton of grammar rules–>daddy buyed me a present

Question 15

Stages of Development: what age do they learn Complex Language and what is Complex Language

Answer 15

(6-10)-Use of sentences and honing of grammar

Question 16

Who founded Operant Conditioning and the details

Answer 16

Skinner, imitaiton/reinforcement

Question 17

What is Inborn Universal Grammar(Nativist Theory) and who founded it

Answer 17

Noam Chomsky: basic language abilities are inborn, Language Acquisition Device, between ages of 5-puberty language acquisition becomes more difficult but easier than adulthood

Question 18

Problems with Nativist Theory

Answer 18

Language is learned from environment and is not innate

Question 19

Problems with Operant Conditioning

Answer 19

Language is CREATIVE

Question 20

Linguistic Relativity Hypothesis

Answer 20

Language is representative of society, people can have different words or differen societies. For example, in a place where there’s more snow there’s more names for snow than in Texas and it’s just “snow”