Languedoc-Roussillon: Level 2 Flashcards

19
Q

What are the styles and varietals of Bandol?

A

Rouge/Rosé: 50-95% Mourvèdre plus Cinsault, Grenache, plus

White: 50-95% Clairette, plusBouboulenc, Ugni Blanc, plus

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20
Q

What are the styles and varietals of Palette?

A

White: min 55% Picardin, Clairette, Bourboulenc, plus

Rosé/Red: min 50% Grenache, Mourvèdre, Cinsault, plus

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21
Q

What is the min. aging for Palette Rouge?

A

18 mos wood

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22
Q

In what AOP of Provence is hand-harvesting required?

A

Bandol AOP

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23
Q

Coteaux Varois en Provence

Styles and varietals

A
  • White: Vermentino, Grenache Blanc, Clairette
  • Rosé/Red: Cinsault, Grencache, Mourvèdre, Syrah (max 90%)
    • White grapes are authorized for Rosé
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24
Q

Coteaux d’Aix-en-Provence

Styles and Varietals

A
  • White: min 50% Vermentino, plus
  • Rosé/Red: min 70% Grenache plus Mourvèdre, Syrah, Cinsault, Counoise, plus
    • White grapes are authorized for Rosé
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25
Q

How long must Crémant de Limoux sit with the lees prior to dégorgement?

A

9 months

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26
Q

Who is Arnaud de Villeneuve?

A
  • 13th century physician from Rivesaltes
  • Introduced the process of mutage as means of medicinal elixir
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27
Q

mutage sur jus

vs.

mutage sur grains

A
  • sur jus* - fortified after skins removed
  • sur grains* - fortified with skins
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28
Q

Languedoc

Breakdown

A
  • red - 76%
  • rosé - 10%
  • white - 6%
  • sparkling - 5%
  • naturally sweet (VDN) - 3%
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29
Q

Winds of Languedoc-Roussillon

A
  • Tramontane - cool from NW
  • Cers - dry from W; cool in winter, warm in summer
  • Sirocco - dry and warm from S
  • Autan - from SE; cool in winter, warm in summer
  • * Marin - damp, salty air from Mediterranean
  • * Mistral - cold drying air near Rhone River delta

all have moderating effect on otherwise hot climate

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30
Q

Fitou AOP

Year Established

A

1948

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31
Q

Côtes du Roussillon AOP

Year Established

A

1977

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32
Q

Côtes du Roussillon-Villages AOP and subzones

Styles/Assemblage

A
  • all min 2 varieties
  • all min 80 comb principal
  • all max 70 Grenache

Côtes du Roussillon Villages - Rouge

Gren, Car (max 60), Syr, Mour (max 70 each, min 30 comb), plus Llad Pel

“Caramany”

Gren, Car (max 60), Syr (40-70); plus Llad Pel

“Latour-de-France”

Gren, Car (max 60), Syr, Mour (max 70 each, min 30 comb); plus Llad Pel

“Lesquerde”

Gren, Car (max 60), Syr (30-70); plus Llad Pel

“Tautavel”

Gren, Car (max 50), Syr, Mour (max 70 each, min 30 comb); plus Llad Pel (min 20 comb Llad Pel and Gren)

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33
Q

What are the primary soils of Côtes du Roussillon?

A

Shist - Banyuls, Maury, Fitoux Montagneux

Granite

Gneiss

Clay/Limestone - Fitoux Maritime

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34
Q

What are the primary soils of La Clape?

A

hard limestone, red stony clay, stones and boulders

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35
Q

What are the soils of Malepere?

A

chalk, clay with granite

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36
Q

Banyuls Grand Cru AOP

Elévage

A

Banyuls Grand Cru:

min 30 months barrel, June 1 of the 3rd year following the harvest

Banyuls Grand Cru “Hors d’Age”:

Sept 1 of the 5th year following the harvest (same as Rivesaltes “Hors d’Age”)

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37
Q

IGP Aude - 9 sub-zones added to the label

  • Name a sub-zone in Malepère known for white wines.
  • Which sub-zone is “Z” shaped, SE of Carcassonne?
  • Which is southernmost of Corbières at high altitude?
A

Côtes de Lastours - within AOC Cabardès, N of Carcassonne

Côtes de Prouilhe - W of Aude in Malepère; prim white

Coteaux de Miramont - N of Alaric Mtns; prim red, rosé

Coteaux de la Cabrerisse - very small, center Corbières

Hauterive - small; along river Orbieu, N Corbières

Pays de Cucugnan - high alt; southernmost Corbières

Val de Cesse - hills Montagne Noire, E Minervois

La Côte Révée - small coastal; S Narbonne around Leucate

Val de Dagne - “Z” shaped; SE of Carcassonne (btwn Carcassonne and Lezignan); Alaric Mtns

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38
Q

Gard IGP - all 3 red, white, rosé

Coteaux du Pont du Gard

What does this IGP crossover?

A
  • red: full, Mediteranean and International
  • white, rosé: light, early consumption
  • easternmost IGP of Languedoc; crossover to Tavel and Lirac
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39
Q

Gard IGP - all 3 red, white, rosé

Cévennes

What’s on the rise?

A
  • red: more elegant and aromatic than Ctx du Pont du Gard

  • white, rosé: fresh, crisp acidity
  • rosé on the rise
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40
Q

Gard IGP - all 3 red, white, rosé

Sables de Camargue/Sables du Golf du Lion

What is this IGP famous for?

A
  • red, white, rosé
  • btwn Les Saintes Maries de la Mer and le Cap d’Agde
  • purely coastal
  • famous for pale rosés from sandy soils
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41
Q

7 IGPs of the Herault

A
  • all red, white, rosé

Coteaux de Béziers

formerly known as Coteaux du Libron; near Béziers; mainly varietally labelled; low-to-mid price points; new zone allowed as of 2011

Coteaux d’Ensérune

W Béziers; near Oppidum d’Ensérune; Maraussan - one of 1st cave co-op in France, est 1905

Côtes de Thau

6 comm around Lake of Thau (Etang de Thau), similar area to AOC Picpou de Pinet; 75% white - Chard, Viog, SBlanc; 4 cave co-op

Côtes de Thongue

23 villages, triangle of Faugères-Pézenas-Béziers; 165-330 ft (50-100m); 70 domaines, 5 co-op; good rep for full, fruity reds; 70% exported to Europe and USA

Haute Vallée de l’Orb

small, Black Mtns meet Cévennes Mtns; roughly same area as AOC Saint Chinian Roquebrun; wide variety soil types; up to 1,320 ft (400m) alt; aromatic, mineral, fresh; most sold via cellar door form 10 local producers

St. Guilhem le Désert

hillside, near UNESCO St Guilhem le Désert - medieval village, Roman, post for pilgrimage to Santiago do Compostela (Galicia, Spain); small, only 5 communes, but high quality; Aniane - home to famous IGP producers; request to go from 5 to 71 communes due to high reputation; *Val de Montferrand - subzone may be added to IGP; whites from domains in Pic St Loup

Vicomté d’Aumelas (50 red, 25 white, 25 rosé)

btwn Montpellier and Béziers (heart of region), N of Sète; 14 communes both sides A750 motorway; dry climate, varied soil, pred stones and limestone; lighter, fresher wines than other IGPs in départment

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42
Q

Herualt IGP - all red, white, rosé

Coteaux de Béziers

What was Coteaux de Béziers formerly known as?

A

Coteaux de Béziers

  • formerly known as Coteaux du Libron
  • near Béziers
  • mainly varietally labeled
  • low-to-mid price points
  • new zone allowed as of 2011
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43
Q

Herualt IGP - all red, white, rosé

Coteaux d’Ensérune

What is the significance of Maraussan?

A

Coteaux d’Ensérune

  • W Béziers
  • near Oppidum d’Ensérune
  • Maraussan - one of 1st cave co-op in France, est 1905
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44
Q

Herualt IGP - all red, white, rosé

Côtes de Thau

How many cave co-operatives are located here?

A

Côtes de Thau

  • 6 comm around Lake of Thau (Etang de Thau), similar area to AOC Picpou de Pinet
  • 75% white - Chard, Viog, SBlanc
  • 4 cave co-op
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45
Q

Herualt IGP - all red, white, rosé

Côtes de Thongue

Côtes de Thongue is a good representation for what style of wines?

A

Côtes de Thongue

  • 23 villages, triangle of Faugères-Pézenas-Béziers
  • 165-330 ft (50-100m)
  • 70 domaines, 5 co-op
  • good rep for full, fruity reds (vs Côtes de Thau (S), mostly white)
  • 70% exported to Europe and USA
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46
Q

Herualt IGP - all red, white, rosé

Haute Vallée de l’Orb

Haute Vallée de l’Orb is roughly the same area as what AOC?

A

Haute Vallée de l’Orb

  • small, Black Mtns meet Cévennes Mtns
  • roughly same area as AOC Saint Chinian Roquebrun
  • wide variety soil types
  • up to 1,320 ft (400m) alt
  • aromatic, mineral, fresh
  • most sold via cellar door form 10 local producers
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47
Q

Herualt IGP - all red, white, rosé

St. Guilhem le Désert

What subzone may be added to the IGP St. Guilhem le Désert?; describe the wines from the subzone.

A

St. Guilhem le Désert

  • hillside, near UNESCO St Guilhem le Désert - medieval village, Roman, post for pilgrimage to Santiago do Compostela (Galicia, Spain)
  • small, only 5 communes, but high quality
  • Aniane - home to famous IGP producers
  • request to go from 5 to 71 communes due to high reputation
  • *Val de Montferrand - subzone may be added to IGP; whites from domains in Pic St Loup
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48
Q

Herualt IGP - all red, white, rosé

Vicomté d’Aumelas (50 red, 25 white, 25 rosé)

Are the wines lighter or fuller in style than other IGPs in the Herault département?

A

Vicomté d’Aumelas (50 red, 25 white, 25 rosé)

  • btwn Montpellier and Béziers (heart of region), N of Sète
  • 14 communes both sides A750 motorway
  • dry climate, varied soil, mostly stones and limestone
  • lighter, fresher wines than other IGPs in départment
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49
Q

7 IGP Aude

  • all red, white and rosé
A

Cité de Carcassonne

medieval “cité” Carcassonne; 52 red, 32 rosé, 16 white; varied grapes - Med and Atl; pretty cool; 28 in rain; fruity, higher acid; 7,500 acres (3,000 ha) from Malepère to W Minervois, NW Corbières

Coteaux de Narbonne

6 communes btwn Narbonne and sea; approx same as AOC La Clape; dry, less than 20 in rain/yr; mostly red; mostly Med w/ some Cab Sauv, Mer, Chard, Sauv Blanc; high quality, mineral, some age-ability

Le Pays Cathare

huge in size, entire Aude plus 60 communes neighbor dept Ariège, but small production > most release as IGP Aude

Vallée du Paradis

central Corbières, 12 communes; rugged, 900ft (300m); Tramontane 200 days/yr; 24 in rain; 60 red, 30 rosé, 10 white

Vallée du Torgan

VdP 1987, 3,000 acres (1,200 ha) around villages Tuchan, Paziols in AOC Fitou; small, varied; diverse soils: schist, clay, limestone; ann prod varies dep climatic (summer drought); co-op Tuchan-Paziols is largest; large replant prgrm in last 15 yrs > Merlot in alluvial, Verdouble River, Syrah on poorer hillsides > result, high quality IGP

Coteaux du Peyriac

central Minervois, below La Liviniere to Canal du Midi; rocky foothills Montagne Noire to fertile flatlands low lying Minervois; broad - all 3 colors Med, Atl, Int varieties

Haute Vallée de l’Aude

large, same borders as Malepère and Limoux AOCs; varied soils; relatively cool climate; range of grapes - Chenin Blanc, Viognier, Sauv Blanc; if you were to plant Riesling and Grüner, this would be the place

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50
Q

Aude IGP - all red, white, rosé

Coteaux de Narbonne

Coteaux de Narbonne covers approximately the same area as what AOC?

A

Coteaux de Narbonne

  • 6 communes btwn Narbonne and sea
  • approx same as AOC La Clape
  • dry, less than 20 in rain/yr
  • mostly red; mostly Med w/ some Cab Sauv, Mer, Chard, Sauv Blanc
  • high quality, mineral, some age-ability
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51
Q

Aude IGP - all red, white, rosé

Cité de Carcassonne

Is Cité de Carcassonne a cooler or warmer climate?

A

Cité de Carcassonne

  • medieval “cité” Carcassonne
  • 52 red, 32 rosé, 16 white; varied grapes Med and Atl
  • 28 in rain
  • fruity, higher acid (pretty cool)
  • 7,500 acres (3,000 ha) from Malepère to W Minervois, NW Corbières
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52
Q

Aude IGP - all red, white, rosé

Le Pays Cathare

Le Pays Cathare covers the entire Aude and how many communes in what neighboring département?

A

Le Pays Cathare

  • huge in size (entire Aude plus 60 communes of neighboring dépt Ariège), but small production
  • most release as IGP Aude
53
Q

Aude IGP - all red, white, rosé

Vallée du Paradis

How many days per year is Vallée du Paradis affected by Tramontane winds?

A

Vallée du Paradis

  • central Corbières, 12 communes
  • rugged, 900ft (300m)
  • Tramontane 200 days/yr
  • 24 in rain
  • 60 red, 30 rosé, 10 white
54
Q

Aude IGP - all red, white, rosé

Vallée du Torgan

What is the largest co-op in Vallée du Torgan?

A

Vallée du Torgan

  • VdP 1987, 3,000 acres (1,200 ha) around villages Tuchan, Paziols in AOC Fitou
  • small, varied
  • diverse soils: schist, clay, limestone
  • ann prod varies dep climatic (summer drought)
  • co-op Tuchan-Paziols is largest
  • large replant prgrm in last 15 yrs > Merlot in alluvial, along Verdouble River, Syrah on poorer hillsides > result, high quality IGP
55
Q

Aude IGP - all red, white, rosé

Coteaux du Peyriac

Where is Coteaux du Peyriac located?

A

Coteaux de Peyriac

  • central Minervois, below La Liviniere to Canal du Midi
  • rocky foothills Montagne Noire to fertile flatlands low lying Minervois
  • broad - all 3 colors Med, Atl, Int varieties
56
Q

Aude IGP - all red, white, rosé

Haute Vallée de l’Aude

Haute Vallée de l’Aude shares the same borders as what two AOCs?

A

Haute Valle de L’Aude

  • large, same borders as Malepère and Limoux AOCs
  • varied soils
  • relatively cool climate
  • range of grapes: Chenin Blanc, Viognier, Sauv Blanc; if you were to plant Riesling and Grüner, this would be the place
57
Q

Cabardès AOP

Styles

A

Rouge and Rosé:

P: min 40 comb Cab Franc, Cab Sauv, Mer; min 40 comb Gren, Syrah

A: Cot, Cins, and Fer

58
Q

Cabardès AOP

Size

A

383 ha

59
Q

Cabardès AOP

Year Established

A

1999

60
Q

Clairette du Languedoc AOP

Styles

A
  • Blanc
    • 100% Clairette; min 12% abv; max 45 g/l rs
  • Blanc “Rancio”
    • min 14% abv; Nov 1st 3rd year after harvest
  • Vin de Liqueur Blanc
    • min 12.5% abv; 9-40 g/l rs
61
Q

Clairette du Languedoc AOP

Size

A

77 ha

62
Q

fClairette du Languedoc AOP

Year Established

A

1948

63
Q

fffCorbières AOP

Styles

A

Rouge: min 2 (red wine dominates, almost 95% prod)

  • P: min 50 Grenache, Lladoner Pelut, Mourvedre, Syrah; plus Carignan
  • A: max 50 Carignan, Piquepoul Noir, Terret Noir; max 20 Cinsault, max 10 Grenache Gris

Rosé: min 2 (3% prod)

  • P: min 25 Grenache, Lladoner Pelut, Mourvedre, Piquepoul Noir, Syrah; max 75 Cinsualt; max 50 Carignan
  • A: max 50 Carignan, Terret Noir, Grenache Gris; max 10 white varieties

Blanc: (2% prod)

  • P: min 90 Bourboulenc, Grenache Blanc, Marsanne, Macabeu, Roussanne, Vermentino
  • A: max 10 Clairette, Muscat Blanc a Petits Grains, Piquepoul Blanc, Terret Blanc
64
Q

Corbières AOP

Size

A

13,034 ha

  • Region’s largest AOC, 46% of production in 2005
65
Q

Corbières AOP

Year Established

A

1985

66
Q

Corbières-Boutenac AOP

Styles

A

Rouge: (vs. White, Rosé and Rouge for Corbières)

  • min 70 comb Gren, Mour, Car (Car 30-50); more Syrah
67
Q

Corbières-Boutenac AOP

Year Established

A

2005

(vs. Corbières 1985)

68
Q

Crémant de Limoux AOP

Styles

A

Vin Mousseux Blanc and Rosé

  • max 90 Chard (min 50), Chenin Blanc (10-40); plus max 20 combined Mauzac, Pinot Noir (max 15)
69
Q

Crémant de Limoux AOP

Size

A

482 ha

70
Q

Crémant de Limoux AOP

Year Established

A

1990

71
Q

Crémant de Limoux AOP

Sparkling Wine Requirements

A
  • Traditional Method Secondary Fermentation
  • min 9 mo on lees prior to dégorgement, may not be released for a min 12 mo after the date of tirage
  • min 3.5 atm of press
72
Q

Faugères AOP

Styles

A
  • Blanc:
    • P: 30-70 Rouss; max 70 each Gren Bl, Mars, Verm
    • A: max. 10 comb Clair, Viog
  • Rouge and Rosé:
    • P: min 50 comb Gren, Llad Pel (min 20 and/or), Mour (min 5), Syr (min 15)
    • C: 10-40 Car
    • A: max 20 Cins
73
Q

Faugères AOP

Size

A

1,927 ha

(vs 13,034 ha - Corbieres, largest)

74
Q

Faugères AOP

Year Established

A

1982

75
Q

Fitou AOP

Styles

A

Red:

  • min 60 comb Gren (min 20), Car (min 20), min 10 comb Syr, Mour
  • Lladoner Pelut vines planted prior to May 2001 comb with Gren and Car for a min 60%
76
Q

Fitou AOP

Size

A

2, 562 ha

(vs 13,034 ha - Corbieres, largest)

77
Q

Languedoc AOP

Assemblage

A
  • Blanc: min 2, max 80% any single
    • P: Bourb, Clair, Gren Bl, Mars, Piq Bl, Rouss, Tour, Verm
  • Rosé and Rouge: min 2, max 80% any single
    • P: min 40 comb Gren, Syr, Mour, Llad Pel
    • A: max 30 (exc Carignan, Cinsault)
78
Q

Languedoc AOP

Size

A

9,661 ha

(vs 13,034 Corbières largest)

79
Q

Languedoc AOP

Year Established

A

1977 (as AOC)

80
Q

Côtes du Roussillon AOP

Encepagement

A
  • Blanc: min 2 (none may exceed 80%)
    • P: min 50 G Bl, Mac, Tour (Malvoisie du Roussillon)
    • C: G Gr, Mars, Rouss, Verm
  • Blanc Primeur/Nouveau
  • Rosé: min 2 (none may exceed 70%)
    • P: min 80 G, M, S (min 25 M, S), Car (max 50)
    • A: Cins, G Gr, Mac, Llad Pel
  • Rouge: min 2 (none may exceed 70%)
    • P: min 80 G, M, S (min 25 M, S), Car (max 50)
    • A: Cins, Llad Pel
  • Rouge Primeur/Nouveau
81
Q

Côtes de Roussillon

Assemblage

A
  • Blanc: min 2 (No principal may exceed 80%)
    • min 50 Grenache, Tourbat, Macabeu
  • Rosé/Rouge: min 2 (No principal may exceed 80%)
    • Grenache, Mourvèdre, Syrah, Carignan
    • plus Cinsault, Lladoner Pelut (No accessory may exceed 20%)
  • *Côtes du Roussillon “Les Aspres”: min 3, no 2 combined may exceed 90%
82
Q

Côtes du Roussillon AOP

Size

A

5,885 ha

(vs 13,034 ha - Corbières, largest)

83
Q

What four communes may add their names to the Côtes du Roussillon appellation?

A
  • Latour-de-France
  • Caramany
  • Tautavel
  • Lesquerde
84
Q

What two Côtes du Roussillon-Villages subzones do not permit Mourvédre?

A
  • Caramany
  • Lesquerde

(both on the western side)

85
Q

What two Côtes du Roussillon-Villages subzones permit Mourvédre?

A
  • Tautavel
  • Latour-de-France

(both on the eastern side)

86
Q

Collioure AOP

Styles and Encépagement

A
  • Blanc:
    • P: Gren Bl, Gren Gr, Mac, Mars, Rouss, Tour (Malv du Rouss), Verm
    • A: Car Bl, plus max 15 comb Musc Bl, Musc Alex
  • Rosé:
    • P: Gren, Mour, Syr, Car, Gren Gr
    • A: Cins, Coun
  • Rouge:
    • P: Gren, Mour, Syr, Car
    • A: Cins, Coun
87
Q

Collioure AOP

Size

A

572 ha

88
Q

Collioure AOC

Year Established

A

Collioure 1977

vs other Roussillon AOC

Banyuls 1936

Banyuls Grand Cru 1962

Côtes du Roussillon 1977

Côtes du Roussillon Villages 1977

Maury 1936

Muscat de Rivesaltes 1956

Rivesaltes 1956

89
Q

Roussillon AOCs

Years Established - oldest to newest

A
  • Banyuls 1936
  • Maury 1936
  • Muscat de Rivesaltes 1956
  • Rivesaltes 1956
  • Banyuls Grand Cru 1962
  • Collioure 1977
  • Côtes du Roussillon 1977
  • Côtes du Roussillon Villages 1977
90
Q

What is the only appellation in which Mediterranean and Atlantic (Bordeaux) grapes are mandatorily combined?

A

Cabardès

Rouge, as for Rosé:

  • P: min 40 Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot; min 40 Grenache, Syrah
  • A: Cot, Cinsault, Fer
91
Q

Picpoul de Pinet AOP

Styles

A

White: 100% Piquepoul White (Picpoul)

92
Q

What are the soils of Picpoul de Pinet?

A

Sand and Pebbles

93
Q

What are the primary soils of the Languedoc?

A

Clay/Limestone

94
Q

What are the soils of Limoux?

A

Limestone/Clay

95
Q

What are the soils of Cabardès?

A

chalk, pebbles, granite, schist and gneiss

96
Q

What are the soils of Saint-Chinian?

A

mostly Schist

  • As w/ Saint-Chinian Berlou and Saint-Chinian Roquebrun
  • Other parts some clay, limestone, sandstone
97
Q

What are the soils of Faugeres?

A

exclusively Schist

98
Q

Banyuls Grand Cru AOP

Styles

A
  • VDN Rouge
  • VDN Rouge “Hors d’Age”
  • VDN Rouge “Rancio”
    • P: min 75 Grenache, plus Gren Bl, Gren Gr, Mac, Musc Bl, Musc d’Alex (Muscat Romain), Tourb (Malvoisie du Roussillon)
    • A: max 10 Carig, Coun, Cin, Mour, Syr
99
Q

Banyuls Granc Cru AOP

Size

A

210 ha

(vs. 927 ha Banyuls)

100
Q

Banyuls Grand Cru AOP

Year Established

A

1962

(vs 1936 Banyuls)

101
Q

Corbières AOP

Rouge

A

Rouge: min 2 (red wine dominates, almost 95% prod.)

  • P: min 50 comb Gren, Llad Pel, Mour, Syr; plus Car
  • A: max 50 comb Car (principal), Piq Noir, Terret Noir; max 20 Cins, max 10 Gren Gr