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Language under the microscope > language under the microscope > Flashcards

language under the microscope Flashcards

1
Q

Syntax

A

the order of elements in a clause or sentence

subject-verb-object

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2
Q

Etymology

A

history of a word and when it began to be regularly used

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3
Q

Polysemic

A

range of meanings - ‘set’

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4
Q

Collocation

A

two or more words that are found together

‘fish and chips’ or ‘over the top’

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5
Q

possessive determiners

A

show who the noun belongs to

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6
Q

how are pronouns and determiners different?

A

pronouns are at the start of a noun phrase, possessive determiners are directly in front of the noun

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7
Q

copular verb

A

base form verb

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8
Q

what are the different types of adjectives?`

A

comparative (-er) and superlative (-est)

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9
Q

what are the primary verbs?

A

be, have and do

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10
Q

what are auxiliary verbs?

A

assist the main verb

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11
Q

what are the two types of modal verbs?

A 
epistemic = knowledge
deontic = obligation
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12
Q

what is the progressive and perfect aspect?

A

progressive- continuous

perfect- already happened

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13
Q

what is a preposition?

A

where something is

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14
Q

what are the three types of sentences?

A

simple, compound and complex

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15
Q

what do simple sentences do?

A

stand out from bigger sentences
appear in childrens literature
make a text ‘clunky’ if there are too many

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16
Q

what do compound sentences do?

A

improve fluency

found in speech as a narrative

17
Q

what do complex sentences do?

A

fairly easy to read if the main clause comes first
can be harder to read
helps the writer to vary pace, style, and structure

18
Q

what do declaratives do?

A

can show assurance

more common

19
Q

what do interrogatives do?

A 
keep conversations going
can show power, or lack of
liven up a piece of writing 
make commands seem softer
tag questions
20
Q

what do imperatives do?

A

begin with the verb

can be softened and mitigated

21
Q

what do exclamations do?

A

show change in mood

exaggeration

22
Q

what is the discourse structure for a narrative?

A 
abstract- begins
orientation- context
complicating action- story itself
resolution- rounding off
evaluation- reflecting
coda- signing off
23
Q

what do you need to think about when applying discourse?

A

context:

who produced the text, who is receiving the text and the beliefs and values of the producer and receiver

24
Q

what is pragmatic failure?

A

where the implied meaning is not understood

25
Q

what are prosodics?

A

the way we convey meaning through intonation, stress and pace

Language under the microscope (2 decks)

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