Language tree Flashcards
Language family
Collection of languages that have common ancestral language
English what family
Indo European
Language branch
Common language family related through common ancestral language existing several thousand years ago
Indo European 8 branches
Romance Germanic Indo iranian Baltoslavic Albanian Armenian Greek Celtic
Indo Iranian where
South Asia
Romance where
Southwestern Europe and Latin America
Germanic where
North Western Europe and North America
Balto Slavic
Eastern Europe
Info European 4 main branches
Romance Balto Slavic, Germanic, indo Iranian
Indo European branches 4 minor
Albanian, Armenian, Celtic, Greek
Germanic branch
Indo European language
Why is english a Germanic language
It was the language spoken by Germanic tribes that invaded England 1500 years ago
Language group
A collection of languages within a branch that share a common origin in the relatively recent last and display few differences in grammar and vocabulary.
English language group
West Germanic
English language branch
Germanic
Language branch of west Europe: France Spain Italy Portugal
Romance
Language branch of north west Europe: Germany, United Kingdom,Belgium,Netherlands, Austria Norway Sweden
Germanic
Language branch of west Europe
Russia Poland Ukraine Belarus
Balto Slavic
Language branch Armenia
Armenian
Language branch of south west Europe
Iran Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Tajikistan
Sri Lanka
Indo Iranian
Finland indoeuropean language ?
No
Coasts of north I England France Iceland
Celtic
Albania language branch
Albanian
Greece language branch
Greek
Branch in indo European family with most speakers
Indo Iranian
Indic group of the indo Iranian language branch
Eastern group
Most widely used language in India Hindi
Urdu
Spoken like hindi
Written with Arabic language
Iranian group of indo inranian language groups
Western
Iran…
Balto slovic
Can be separated into east and west south and Baltic
Balto Slavic most widely used slovic languages
Eastern primarily Russian
Most spoken west slovic language
Polish
Flowed by Czech and Slovak
Most important south Slovak language
Serbo Croatian
Romance branch evolved from
Latin language spoken by Romans 2000 years ago
4 most widely used contemporary romance languages
5th
2 other official languages
Spanish Portuguese French Italian
5 th = Romanian of Romania and moldova
2 other official languages= Romansh and Catalan
Official languages of the United Nations 6
Russian
French
Spanish
Vulgar Latin
Not th standard literary form but a spoken form
Creole
Creolized language
Language that results from the mixing of colonizer a language with the indigenous language of the people being dominated
Simplifying grammar, adding words
Nomadic warrior thesis
Hypothesis that the first proto indo European speakers were the kurgans whose homeland were on the border of present day Russia and Kazakhstan
The kurgans were nomadic herders. The first to domesticate horses and cattle. They migrated in search of grassland for their animals and moved west through Europe, Siberia, Iran and South Asia. The kurgans used horses to conquer Europe and South Asia
Marija Gimbutas
Nomadic warrior thesis
Colon renfrew
Sedentary farmer thesis
Sedentary farmer thesis
First speakers of proto indo European lived before kurgans in turkey.
They diffused west to Greece to Italy Sicily Corsica and the Mediterranean coast. Then north to France and British isles.
Agricultural practice triumphed because they could grow food.
