Language Production

Question 1

What is Broca’s aphasia?

Answer 1

Expressive aphasia

Patients report that they can think of the words but not articulate them

Question 2

What is Wernicke’s aphasia?

Answer 2

An inability to grasp the meaning of spoken words and sentences

Question 3

What is semantics?

Answer 3

Meaning

Question 4

What is syntax?

Answer 4

Grammar, phrase structure, dependent on the language

Question 5

Morphology

Answer 5

Constructed as morphemes

Question 6

What is a morpheme?

Answer 6

The smallest meaningful unit of sound

Question 7

Phonology

Answer 7

Made up of phonemes

Question 8

What is a phoneme?

Answer 8

A sound

Question 9

Is there a 1-1 mapping of phonemes to graphemes?

Answer 9

No

Question 10

Pragmatics

Answer 10

The meaning within the meaning, language in context

Question 11

Grice’s Maxims

Answer 11

Quantity
Quality
Relation
Manner

Question 12

Quantity

Answer 12

Don’t include more information than necessary

Question 13

Quality

Answer 13

Communication should be truthful

Question 14

Relation

Answer 14

Communication should be relevant to the topic of conversation

Question 15

Manner

Answer 15

Speaker avoids ambiguity

Question 16

What is the mental lexicon?

Answer 16

The store of words in the brain

Question 17

Phonological representation

Answer 17

Sound based representation

Question 18

Orthographic representation

Answer 18

Print based representation

Question 19

What is a lemma?

Answer 19

Assigned gender of a word

Question 20

Processes required for speech production?

Answer 20

Semantic (conceptualisation)
Syntactic (formulation)
Phonological (articulation)

Question 21

Semantic (conceptualisation)

Answer 21

Intention to create speech links desired concept to the particular spoken words to be expressed, intended messages are formulated

Question 22

Syntactic (formulation)

Answer 22

Linguistic form required for expression of the desired message is created, including grammatical encoding, morphology-phonological encoding and phonetic encoding

Question 23

Phonological (articulation)

Answer 23

Execution of the articulatory store by the lungs, glottis, larynx, tongue, lips, jaw and other parts of the vocal apparatus

Question 24

Levelt et al’s Speech Production Model (1999)

Answer 24

Conceptual stratum - information about ideas of a particular concept and how they relate to each other, word selection occurs

Lemma-stratum - information about the syntactic function of individual words including tense and function, makes sure words are placed in the correct place in sentence to make sense

Form stratum - syllabic information which is sent to the motor cortex where vocal apparatus physically produces speech sounds

Question 25

Slip-of-the-tongue

Answer 25

Morphemes are switched with morphemes
Phonemes with phonemes
Switched with same area