Language of chemistry Flashcards
Blue vitriol
CuSO4.5H2O
Green vitriol
FeSO4.7H2O
Glauber’s salt
Na2SO4.10H2O
washing soda
Na2CO3.10H2O
Epsom salt
MgSO4.7H2O
The smallest particle that has the capability to exist independently
Molecule
The number of atoms in a molecule of an element
Atomicity
Example of monoatomic molecule
Noble gases
Example of diatomic molecule
H2, N2, O2
Example of triatomic molecule
Ozone
Example of tetratomic molecule
P4
Example of octa-atomic molecule
S8
Scientist who suggested that the initial letter of an element written in capitals represent that particular element
J J BERZELIUS
Define valency
The number of electrons that an atom can lose, gain or share during a chemical reaction
Why atoms lose or gain electrons?
To attain octet or duplet electronic structure
Variable valency of Iron
+2 and +3
Variable valency of Copper
+1 and +2
Variable valency of Mercury
+1 and +2
Variable valency of Lead
+2 and +4
Variable valency of Tin
+2 and +4
Variable valency of Silver
+1 and +2
Variable valency of Mn and Pt
+2 and +4
Variable valency of Gold
+1 and +3
The element which was chosen initially as the standard unit to find relative atomic mass
HYDROGEN
The element which was chosen later in 1961 as the standard unit to find relative atomic mass
Carbon-12
Define relative atomic mass of an element
It is the number of times one atom of an element is heavier than 1/12 the mass of an atom of Carbon-12
Define relative molecular mass of an element/compound
It is the number of times one MOLECULE of the substance is heavier than 1/12 the mass of an atom of Carbon-12
Define gram atomic mass or gram atom.
The relative atomic mass of an element expressed in grams
Define gram molecular mass or gram molecule
The relative molecular mass of a substance expressed in grams
Atomic weights are expressed in
a.m.u or simple numbers
What is the relative molecular mass of Oxygen molecule (at.mass of O=16)
32 amu
What is the gram molecular mass of Oxygen molecule (at.mass of O=16)
32 g
