Atomic structure and chemical bonding

Question 1

Protons and neutrons collectively known as

Answer 1

NUCLEONS

Question 2

Name three subatomic particles

Answer 2

Protons, Neutrons and Electrons

Question 3

Positively charged subatomic particle

Answer 3

Proton

Question 4

Negatively charged subatomic particle

Answer 4

Electron

Question 5

Neutral subatomic particle

Answer 5

Neutron

Question 6

Mass of Proton (also mass of neutron)

Answer 6

1 amu

Question 7

Atom is electrically neutral. Give reason

Answer 7

Protons are equal in number and opposite in charge(+1) with electrons(-1) and neutrons have no charge

Question 8

Define atomic number

Answer 8

The number of protons present in the nucleus of an atom

Question 9

The atomic number of X^-2 ion where total number of

electrons=18 is

Answer 9

16

Question 10

Define Mass number

Answer 10

The sum of number of protons and neutrons in an atom

Question 11

The shell closest to the nucleus

Answer 11

K shell

Question 12

Which electron has minimum energy? The one preseng in L shell or the one present in N shell?

Answer 12

The electron present in L shell

Question 13

While revolving in a shell an electron possesses a certain amount of energy. Hence shells are also called

Answer 13

Energy levels

Question 14

Define electron configuration

Answer 14

distribution of elctrons in different shells

Question 15

The two scientists who gave scheme to distribute electrons in different orbits

Answer 15

Bohr and Bury

Question 16

Maximum number of eletrons which can be present in any shell is given by

Answer 16

2n^2

Question 17

The outermost shell can not have more than __ electrons

Answer 17

8

Question 18

The penultimate shell cannot have more than ___ electrons

Answer 18

18

Question 19

Electron configuration of Calcium ion (at no. 20)

Answer 19

2,8,8

Question 20

Define isotopes

Answer 20

Atoms of the same element having same atomic number but different mass number

Question 21

Noble gases do not gain, lose or share elctrons. Why?

Answer 21

They have stable elctronic configuration ie their outermost shell is complete

Question 22

Name the 3 isotopes of Hydrogen

Answer 22

Protium, Deuterium, Tritium

Question 23

Chlorine has 2 isotopes, Cl-35 and Cl-37. But its average atomic mass is 35.5 and not 36. Why?

Answer 23

Because the Cl-35:Cl-37 existence ratio is 3:1. 1 atom of Cl-37 mass is 37 and 3 atoms of Cl-35 mass is 105. Hence avg mass is 142/2=35.5

Question 24

What is DUPLET arrangement of elctrons?

Answer 24

2 electrons in outermost shell ie K shell

Question 25

What is OCTET arrangement of electrons

Answer 25

8 electrons in the outerost shell of an atom

Question 26

Which type of chemical bond is formed by transfer of electrons from one atom to another?

Answer 26

Ionic bond / Electrovalent bond

Question 27

Which type of chemical bond is formed by mutual sharing of electrons between 2 atoms?

Answer 27

Covalent bond

Question 28

Chemical properties of iostopes of same element are similar. Why?

Answer 28

Chemical properties are dependent on the electronic configuration of an atom. Isotopes have same atomic number, same number of electrons and hence same electron configuration

Question 29

Physical properties of isotopes of the same element are different. Why?

Answer 29

Physical properties are dependent on the atomic mass. Isotopes have different mass number, different number of neutrons and hence different atomic masses

Question 30

The driving force for the atoms of elements otherthan Noble gases to combine chemically with other elements is

Answer 30

To attain stable electronic configuration of the nearest Noble gas

Question 31

Calcium will attain stable electronic configuration by ____ ____ ____ electrons

Answer 31

loss of two

Question 32

Chlorine will attain stable electronic configuration by ____ ____ ____ electrons

Answer 32

gain of one

Question 33

Name the type of bond present in following compound. | CaO

Answer 33

Ionic / Electrovalent bond

Question 34

Name the type of bond present in following compound. | HCl

Answer 34

Covalent bond

Question 35

Name the type of bond present in following molecule. | Hydrogen

Answer 35

Covalent bond

Question 36

Name the ions responsible for the formation of Magnesium chloride, also mention total number of ions required.

Answer 36

Mg^+2 and 2 Cl^-1

Question 37

What is a lone pair of electrons

Answer 37

A pair of valence electrons that are not shared with another atom in a covalent bond and is sometimes called an unshared pair or non-bonding pair.

Question 38

The eletron configuration of Nitrogen is 2,5. How many electrons in the outermost shell of a nitrogen atom are not involved in the formation of Nitrogen molecule.

Answer 38

1 pair

Question 38

The eletron configuration of Nitrogen is 2,5. How many electrons in the outermost shell of a nitrogen atom are not involved in the formation of Nitrogen molecule.

Answer 38

1 pair

Question 39

A molecule containing double covalent bond is

Answer 39

O2

Question 40

What is the number of covalent bonds present in each of the following molecules. 1) NaCl 2) CaO 3) MgCl2

Answer 40

None

Question 41

A molecule which is having single covalent bond(s) in given list. Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Ammonia, Oxygen, water, methane, carbon tetrachloride

Answer 41

Hydrogen, Ammonia, water, methane, carbon tetrachloride

Question 42

How many pairs of electrons are shared between H and Cl atom in the formation of HCl molecule

Answer 42

1 pair of electrons

Question 43

The number of lone pair of electrons present in following molecules. 1) H2 2) O2 3) H2O 4) NH3 5) N2 6) CH4 7) CCl4 8) Cl2

Answer 43

1) 0 2) 4(2 on each O) 3) 2 4) 1 5) 2(each on 1 N) 6) 0 7) 12 (3 on each Cl) 8) 6 ( 3 on each)

Question 44

Atomic number of following elements given below: A=8, B=7, C=17, D=11, E=20 1) Which of the above is divalent metal?

Answer 44

E

Question 45

Atomic number of following elements given below: A=8, B=7, C=17, D=11, E=20 1) Which of the above is non-metal?

Answer 45

A, B, C

Question 46

Atomic number of following elements given below: A=8, B=7, C=17, D=11, E=20 1)The type of bonding between two atoms of A

Answer 46

double covalent bond

Question 47

Atomic number of following elements given below: A=8, B=7, C=17, D=11, E=20 1) The type of bonding between D and C.

Answer 47

Ionic bond

Question 48

Atomic number of following elements given below: A=8, B=7, C=17, D=11, E=20 1) Number of covalent bonds formed in a molecule of B2

Answer 48

One triple covalent bond

Question 49

A covalent molecule, having two lone pair of electrons

Answer 49

water

Question 50

A covalent molecule, having triple covalent bond

Answer 50

Nitrogen molecule

Question 51

A covalent hydrocarbon molecule, having four single covalent bonds

Answer 51

methane