Language classification Flashcards

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1
Q

Areal classification

A

Languages used by neighbouring communities, although not being genetically related, sometimes influence each other

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2
Q

Genetic classification

A

Languages that developed from single “parent” language - belong to the same LANGUAGE FAMILY

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3
Q

Typological classification

A

Based on similarities in LEXICAL, SYNTATIC, PHONOLOGICAL and MORPHOLOGICAL language traits

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4
Q

Typological classification: LEXICAL TYPOLOGY

A

lexical differences that express meaning of word EXPLICITLY -> EXPLICIT TYPE
those, in which the basic semantic components are expressed by word-formation morphemes -> CONDENSED TYPE

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5
Q

Typological classification: SYNTATIC TYPOLOGY

A

Characterises language according to their typical sentence patterns.
ENGLISH - SVO type
WELSH - VSO type

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6
Q

Typological classification: PHONOLOGICAL TYPOLOGY

A

Divides languages into:
CONSONANTIC (consonants prevail)
VOCALIC (vowels prevail)

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7
Q

Typological classification: MORPHOLOGICAL TYPOLOGY

A

According to classification based on morphological structure:
ANALYTIC (Chinese, English)
SYNTHETIC
-Introflectional
-Agglutinative
-Polysynthetic

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8
Q

Introflectional

A

Change is made inside a word
e.g. Man -> Men

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9
Q

Agglutinative

A

Puts individual morphemes together
e.g. Faith-Ful-Ness

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10
Q

Polysynthetic

A

Complex word forms function as sentences

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11
Q

Agglutination

A

faith-ful-ness
Individual morphemes are “glued” together

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12
Q

Reduplication

A

type of polysynthesis where fr example plural can be expressed by duplicating a word
e.g. orang = person, orang-orang = people

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