Language and Speech

Question 1

Overall Intelligence Theory and its problems

Answer 1

normal intelligence equals normal language
genetic conditions impair language
Williams syndrome = cognitive impairment but normal language

Question 2

Specialized Brain Module Theory

Answer 2

Built in mechanisms for language acquisition
Damages to left frontal and temporal cortex affect language
Evolved from pressure to interact and intelligence came from language

Question 3

Which hemisphere predominates language?

Answer 3

Left

Question 4

What is the path of spoken language?

Answer 4

Auditory cortex to Wernicke’s area (where meaning is understood)

Question 5

What is the path of written words?

Answer 5

Visual cortex to anhular gyrus (which translates the visual code into an auditory one) then to Wernicke’s area (for meaning)

Question 6

What is the path of language response?

Answer 6

Wericke’s area translates though into verbal response, then to Broca’s area via the arcurate fasiculus as well as primary motor cortex

Question 7

Broca’s Aphasia

Answer 7

expressive aphasia
slow speech
writing issues

Question 8

Wericke’s aphasia

Answer 8

Receptive aphasia
Superficial structure and patterns but meaningless

Question 9

Dejerine

Answer 9

Reaching and writing aphasia caused by damages to angular gyrus

Question 10

Conduction Aphasia

Answer 10

Damage to arcuate fasiculus
poor repetition of unfamiliar words

Question 11

Shifting from one language to another strongly activates which areas?

Answer 11

frontal cortex, temporal cortex and
basal ganglia (caudate)

Question 12

Magnosystem hypothesis of dyslexia

Answer 12

processing in the dorsal stream of the visual system is impaired resulting in decreased activation of the angular gyrus