Language Flashcards
What is Informative function?
IF consists in affirming or denying propositions, formulating and evaluating arguments.
What is Expressive function?
EF consists in expressing oneself via language.
What is Directive function?
DF consists in guiding and giving commands.
What is Emotive function?
EF consists in expressing attitudes, emotions and value judgements.
What is performative function?
PF consists in using words to perform the functions they announce.
What function is for a Declarative mood?
Asserting and informing
What function is for an Interrogative mood?
questioning
What function is for an Imperative mood?
Commanding and performative.
What function is for an Expressive mood?
emotive and expressive.
Statement is…
a declarative sentence that has a truth value.
Proposition is…
the meaning or informational content of a statement that has the property of having a truth value.
When is a statement priori?
A statement is priori if its truth value can be known independently of sense experience.
When is a statement posteriori?
A statement is posteriori if its truth value depends on sense experience.
Non-statement is…
a sentence that lacks a truth value.
Presupposition is…
a linguistically marked bit of information the truth of witch is taken for granted by the author.
Unjustified presupposition is…
A presupposition is unjustified if its acceptance tacitly shifts the burden of proof to the respondent.
The Extension of a term t is…
the object or collection of objects that t refers to when correctly applied.
The Intension of a term t is…
the set of properties shared by all the objects in the extension of t.
Extensional meaning
The extensional meaning of a term t is its extension.
Changing extensions
The extension of a term can change over time.
Empty extensions
Terms can have an empty extension due to the passage of time or because things with certain kinds of properties do not exist.
Intension determines extension
The intension of a term t determines its extension because any object that has all the properties in the intension of t must belong to its extension.
Emotive meaning
Emotive meaning of a term t is its historically accrued conventional power to express or invoke emotions and alter the audience’s attitude toward the extension of t by presenting it in a laudatory or derogatory way.
Ambiguity
an expression is ambiguous if it has more than one meaning in a given context of use.
