Lang level 2 - Grammar Flashcards
Morphology?
Study of word formation
Morpheme?
The smallest version of a word that makes sense
Root morpheme?
Health
Suffixes - morpheme?
Healthily (post modified)
Prefixes - morpheme?
Unhealthily (pre modified)
Syntax?
Study of words forming larger structures (e.g. phrases)
Verb/noun phrase?
A group of words built around a head verb/noun
Modal auxiliary verbs?
Show likely hood or amount of commitment (I will/I could/I might)
Clause?
A group of words centered around a verb phrase
Subject?
Key focus of the clause (John ate the burger)
Object?
Thing being acted on the clause (John ate THE BURGER)
Agent?
Who/what is doing the the action in the sentence (JOHN ate the burger)
Active voice?
The agent is placed in the subject position
Passive voice?
The agent is missed out or placed later in the clause
Orthographic sentences?
A sentence with a capital and full stop but without a verb (Nothing.)
Modal lexical verbs?
Like/hope/believe
Modal adjectives?
Sure/certain/doubtful
Modal adverbs?
Perhaps/possibly/maybe
Modal tags?
I guess
Deontic modality?
Highlights obligation/necessity (you must/necessary)
Boulomaic modality?
Highlights aspects of desire (I hope/hopefully)
Epistemic modality?
Highlights degrees of belief (I think/you might)
Negative shading?
Constant use of epistemic to show uncertainty
Positive shading?
Constant of us of one or all 3 types of modality to show certainty
Neutral shading?
Flat narrative with little moralised expressions
Modal paradox?
Idea that we only say we are certain when we are not (I’m sure I turned the light off, I definitely did, I know it)
