Lang C&C

Question 1

variety

Answer 1

used to mean both dialect and language in linguistics

Question 2

recipient language

Answer 2

language being influenced or changed

Question 3

source language

Answer 3

language the influence is believed to have come from, aka the donor

Question 4

target language

Answer 4

the language to be examined

Question 5

superstrate language

Answer 5

source language and group with more social power

Question 6

substrate language

Answer 6

recipient language group with less social power

Question 7

adstrate language

Answer 7

both languages and groups have equal social power

Question 8

recipient language agentivity

Answer 8

a borrowing / maintenance situation, a transfer

Question 9

source language agentivity

Answer 9

a shift situation, an imposition

Question 10

loanword

Answer 10

imports meaning and form of the word (ex. el sobbuey for subway)

Question 11

loanblend

Answer 11

import form and meaning with morphological structure (ex. home plato for home plate)

Question 12

loanshift

Answer 12

imports meaning only (ex. rascacielos for skyscrapers which glosses as scratches sky)

Question 13

innovative repurposing

Answer 13

take word and repurposes it to a new meaning (ex. wan-man-ka for one man car )

Question 14

interference

Answer 14

any type of influnece from one lnaguage to another, from 2nd language acquisition domain, in reference to native speaker, no longer used due to bad connatations

Question 15

transfer

Answer 15

correct term to describe any type of influence from one language to another

Question 16

borrowing

Answer 16

taking a feature from another language to use in their L1, can be lexical or structural, a situation of contact

Question 17

status planning

Answer 17

the official ‘status’ of the language/variety with respect to others in the environment/context

Question 18

official language

Answer 18

a language used (by law) used for the business of national government.
It may serve or not as a symbol of identity for citizens of a country

Question 19

de facto language

Answer 19

a language used (by law) used for the business of national government.
It may serve or not as a symbol of identity for citizens of a country

Question 20

de jure language

Answer 20

a language used (by law) used for the business of national government.
It may serve or not as a symbol of identity for citizens of a country

Question 21

sprachbund

Answer 21

geographic area + linguistic situation in which geographically adjacent languages share linguistic features

Question 22

areal feature

Answer 22

the linguistic features shared

Question 23

dual monolingualism

Answer 23

two monolingual groups in one area, aka isomorphic, ex. Swizerland

Question 24

entire group bilingualism

Answer 24

most of population in one area is bilingual, aka dual bilingualism, ex. India

Question 25

monolingual plus billingial group

Answer 25

one area with some monolingual people and some bilingual people, ex. Latinos in USA