Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

EAS 205 > Landslides > Flashcards

Landslides Flashcards

1
Q

What is a landslide?

A

the movement of a mass of rock, debris, or earth down a slope

OR

mass movement, slope failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

weathering vs. erosion

A
  • weathering: physical/chemical processes that ALTER COMPOSITION or rock
  • erosion: movement/TRANSPORT of rock
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the 2 main types of weathering?

A
  • physical/mechanical = disintegration
  • chemical = decomposition
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is another name for driving force? resisting force?

A
  • driving force = shear FORCE
  • resisting force = shear STRENGTH
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

which of the following are driving forces?
a) gravity
b) tectonics
c) sediment/rock cohesive strength (cement)
d) moisture
e) vegetation
f) loading/weight
g) pore water pressure
h) structure
i) erosion
j) slope

A

a) gravity
b) tectonics
d) moisture
f) loading/weight
g) pore water pressure
i) erosion
j) slope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

which of the following are resisting forces?
a) gravity
b) tectonics
c) sediment/rock cohesive strength (cement)
d) moisture
e) vegetation
f) loading/weight
g) pore water pressure
h) structure
i) erosion
j) slope

A

c) sediment/rock cohesive strength (cement)
e) vegetation
h) structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which is true?
- a) shear force > shear strength –> slope failure
- b) shear force = shear strength –> slope failure
- c) shear force < shear strength –> slope failure

A

a) shear force > shear strength –> slope failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the name of the system used to classify lanslides?

A

Cruden and Varnes classification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are landslides classified based on?

A
  • type of movement
  • type of material
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

bedrock vs soil

A
  • bedrock = cohesive material
  • soil = unconsolidated material / debris / sediment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the 6 classes of landlsides?

A

1) falls
2) topples
3) slides
4) lateral spreads
5) flows
6) complex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

falls

A

rapid, free fall, rolling, bouncing, meters/minute to meters/second

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

topples

A

rapid rotation of a mass about a point

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

slides

A
  • movement along one or more distinct surfaces
  • rotational vs. translational
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a rotational slide? What is another name for it?

A
  • movement along curved failure plane
  • AKA slump
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is a translational slide?

A

movement along planar failure plane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

lateral spreads

A

lateral movement of the ground, with subsidence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

flows

A

viscous fluid movement, range from slow to fast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

complex landslides

A

combination of 2 or more types

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

topple vs fall

A

topple movement is focused on a hinge (i.e. occur ALONG bedding planes in jointed rocks)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

slide morphology and terminology

A

refer to slide 21 in slide deck 1

22
Q

What are the alberta/edmonton rotational slides tied to?

A
  • oversteepening of slopes (by digging)
  • erosion
23
Q

Which hill in Alberta is well known for a landslide?

A

Grierson Hill

24
Q

Which lake near West Yellowstone experienced a lateral spread?

A

Hebgen Lake

25
Q

What are the 3 main areas of a flow?

A
  • source area
  • main pathway
  • depositional area
26
Q

what is a debris flow?

A

moving mass of loose mud, sand, soil, rock, water, air

27
Q

What feature can be seen along margins of a debris flow path?

A

levees (raised ridges of coarse debris)

28
Q

Which earthquake in 2002 triggered thousands of landslides but not deaths or infrastructure impacts? Which pipeline survived this earthquake?

A
  • Denali Earthquake
  • trans-alaska oil pipeline
29
Q

risk vs hazard vs vulnerability

A
  • hazard: may cause health impacts
  • risk: probability that area will be damaged BY A HAZARD
  • vulnerability: characteristics of a community that makes it SUSCEPTIBLE TO HAZARDS
30
Q

what was the most expensive natural disaster in canada?

A

fort mcmurray wildfire

31
Q

vulnerability = ? + ? + ?

A

vulnerability = exposure + resistance + resilience

32
Q

exposure vs resistance vs resilience

A
  • exposure: at risk property and population
  • resistance: measures taken to prevent, avoid, or reduce loss
  • resilience: ability to recover after disaster
33
Q

disaster risk = ( ? x ? ) / ?

A

disaster risk = ( hazard x vulnerability) / capacity

34
Q

TRUE or FALSE: landslide classification includes permafrost

A

FALSE

35
Q

What is permafrost?

A

thermally defined; ground below zero degrees celcius for 2+ years

36
Q

what is the importance of permafrost?

A

INCREASED LANDSLIDES due to thawing ground ice

37
Q

permafrost regions are a net ________ for carbon.

A

sink

38
Q

How much more carbon is stored in permafrost in comparison to the atmosphere? Why is this important?

A
  • permafrost has 2x atmospheric carbon
  • thawing permafrost –> increase GHGs
39
Q

arctic amplification

A

arctic warms faster than rest of the planet; 4-5 x global average

40
Q

permafrost is a _____________ condition but a _____________ problem.

(fill in with “thermal” or “geologic”

A

1) thermal
2) geologic

41
Q

Which plateau has the most landslide activity in Canada? Which glacier is it associated with?

A
  • Peel Plateau
  • buried late pleistocene glacier
42
Q

gradual thaw vs abrupt thaw

A
  • gradual thaw: ice wedge thaw –> subsidence and pond expansion
  • abrupt thaw: ice-rich permafrost thaw –> retrogressive thaw slump –> LANDSLIDE
43
Q

Which type of thaw causes landslides?

A

abrupt thaw

44
Q

What are the types of landslides in permafrost? Which one is new?

A

1) active later detachment slides
2) thaw slumps (retrogressive thaw flow slides)
3) deep-seated permafrost slides (NEW)

45
Q

active layer detachment slides

A

thickness of active layer - moves as translational slide, typically in late summer or fall - when active layer is at its maximum

46
Q

thaw slumps

A

exposed ice-rich permafrost many meters thick (often buried glacier ice) is exposed to rapid sediment exhumation

47
Q

Which type of landslide in permafrost is the base of permafrost failures?

A

deep-seated permafrost landslides

48
Q

deep-seated permafrost landslides

A

permafrost base failure moves as a cohesive translational slide

49
Q

Where is there a large thaw slump in the NWT?

A

redstone river area - mackenzie mountain foothills

50
Q

What is one of Canada’s largest modern rockslides?

A

Frank Slide (Crowsnest Pass on Turtle Mountain)

51
Q

Which landslide occurred in northern Italy in 1963?

A

Vaiont landslide

EAS 205 (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions