Landscape conservation for informal public recreation

Question 1

Landscape protection

Answer 1

Conserves aesthetic appeal
Maintenance of natural features
Maintenance of human features that give character
Eg. woodland, hedgerows, stone walls
Some can be protected by preventing damaging activities
Some need active management
Eg. grazing to maintain plagioclimax

Question 2

Landscape enhancement

Answer 2

Restoration and development of countryside features to enhance the natural character
Eg. planting woodland, soft riverbank management

Question 3

Visitor management

Answer 3

Careful provision of facilities without damaging the character of the countryside
Eg. paths made of sand, car parks made of grass divided with hedges

Question 4

Honeypot sites

Answer 4

Areas with especially good facilities 
Attract the public
Keeps public away from other sites
Help protect sensitive wildlife sites
Help reduce congestion
Help reduce disturbance to locals

Question 5

Governmental organisations

Answer 5

Natural England
Countryside council for Wales
NPA
DEFRA

Question 6

Natural England/ Countryside council for Wales

Answer 6

Responsible for designating areas for landscape conservation
Set up controls and regulations to be carried out by local authorities
Damaging changes are prevented
Beneficial management techniques are encouraged

Question 7

NPA

Answer 7

National park authority
Manage national parks
Different NPA for different parks
Control activities of landowners
Planning/ development restrictions

Question 8

National parks

Answer 8

Designated by Natural England
Very large areas, cover 2,000 KM2
Conserve and enhance natural beauty, wildlife, cultural heritage
Promote opportunities for understanding and enjoyment
Maintain rural economy

Question 9

AONBs

Answer 9

Areas of outstanding natural beauty
Designated for landscape qualities
Aims to conserve and enhance natural beauty
Designated by Natural England
Maintained by county councils
More intensively used than national parks
Generally less opportunities for open air activities
Developments controlled by planning regulations

Question 10

Examples of AONBs

Answer 10

Cotswolds
Forest of Bowland
North Pennines
Cannock Chase
Scilly Isles

Question 11

Heritage coasts

Answer 11

Designated by Natural England
Finest stretches of undeveloped coastline
Scenic amenity value
Appropriate public access enhanced

Question 12

Examples of heritage coasts

Answer 12

North Northumberland
Flamborough Headland
South Devon
St. Bees Head

Question 13

National trails/ Long-distance footpaths

Answer 13

Designated by Natural England
Establish public rights of way
Through landscape of great scenic value
created by linking footpaths, bridleways, minor roads
Routes for walkers, cyclists, horse riders

Question 14

Examples of national trails/ long-distance footpaths

Answer 14

Cleveland Way
Pennine Way
South Downs Way
South West Coast Path

Question 15

DEFRA

Answer 15

Department for environment, food, rural affairs
Set up agri-environmental schemes
Some aspects designed to maintain historically important features
Other features intended to protect wildlife
Some features protect appearance of landscape

Question 16

Country parks

Answer 16

Areas of land near urban centres
Intended to provide informal recreation opportunities
Many are redeveloped sites
Many have secondary use 
Eg. reservoirs

Question 17

Urban green space

Answer 17

Green spaces in urban areas
Allow people to see countryside
Visitor management applies the same as in rural areas

Question 18

National Trust

Answer 18

Set up over 100 years ago
Protects threatened coastline, countryside, buildings
Protects from development for public enjoyment
700 miles of coast protected
250,000 hectares of countryside protected

Question 19

Neptune coastline campaign

Answer 19

Purchase and protection of importance coastlines

Managed by the National Trust

Question 20

Places protected by the National Trust

Answer 20

Farne Islands, Northumberland
Malham Tarn, North Yorkshire
Wicken Fen National Nature Reserve, Cambridgeshire
White Cliffs of Dover, Kent
Lundy Island, Devon

Question 21

NGOs protecting the countryside and wildlife

Answer 21

National Trust
CPRE
RSPB
Wildfowl and wetlands trust

Question 22

CPRE

Answer 22

Campaign to Protect Rural England