Landmark Cases Flashcards
Plessy v. Ferguson
In 1892, Plessy, a Black man, refused to leave a whites-only train and was arrested.
Plessy v. Ferguson
the U.S. Supreme Court case Plessy v. Ferguson ruled that separate-but-equal facilities were constitutional. The Plessy v. Ferguson decision upheld the principle of racial segregation over the next half-century.
Dred Scott v. Sandford
Dred Scott was an enslaved person who accompanied his owner, an army physician, to postings in a free state (Illinois) and free territory (Wisconsin) before returning with him to the slave state of Missouri.
Dred Scott v. Sandford
the U.S. Supreme Court stated that enslaved people were not citizens of the United States and, therefore, could not expect any protection from the federal government or the courts
Engel v. Vitale
The New York State Board of Regents authorized a short, voluntary prayer for recitation at the start of each school day. A group of organizations joined forces in challenging the prayer, claiming that it violated the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment.
Engel v. Vitale
Supreme Court decision that struck down prayer in public schools. The case presented squarely the question of whether a public school could sanction classroom prayers at a time when America was increasingly pluralistic and secular.
Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier
infringing on their First Amendment rights after the principal of Hazelwood East High School, Robert E. Reynolds, removed articles from a pending issue of Spectrum, the student newspaper.
Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier
The Court reversed the appellate court, and said that public schools do not have to allow student speech if it is inconsistent with the schools’ educational mission.
Korematsu v. United States
On May 30, 1942, about six months after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, the FBI arrested Korematsu for failure to report to a relocation center.
Korematsu v. United States
Korematsu asked the Supreme Court of the United States to hear his case. On December 18, 1944, a divided Supreme Court ruled, in a 6-3 decision, that the detention was a “military necessity” not based on race.
Miranda v. Arizona
On March 13, 1963, police arrested Ernesto Miranda on charges of rape and kidnapping after a witness identified him in Phoenix, Arizona. During his two-hour interrogation, police did not advise Miranda on his constitutional rights to an attorney nor against self-incrimination.
Miranda v. Arizona
Must be told your rights
Tinker v. Des Moines
the Supreme Court’s majority ruled that neither students nor teachers “shed their constitutional rights to freedom of speech or expression at the schoolhouse gate.”
Tinker v. Des Moines
In Tinker, a group of high school students wore black armbands to school to protest the Vietnam War.
Texas v. Johnson
In Texas v. Johnson, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of Johnson, overturning flag desecration laws in 48 states Saying that it was legal
