Landforms and Processes Involved in Their Formation Flashcards
The word is derived from the Greek god of the winds, Aeolus. They are formed by the chemical and mechanical action of the wind.
Aeolian Landforms
These are mounds or small hills made up of sand,
measuring between 1-10m high. They may be
dome-shaped, crescent-shaped, linear-shaped, or
parabolic.
Dunes
Examples of Dunes
Duna Federico Kirbus – Catamarca, Argentina
This is a predominantly silt-sized sediment formed
by the accumulation of windblown dust. It appears
yellowish or brownish in color and it exhibits “cat
steps”.
Its thickness ranges from few centimeters to about 100m. Is a product of glacial activity in an area. It is commonly found in Europe and Mississippi Valley and Asia.
Loess
Example of Loess
Loess Plateau, Chinese
They are also known as Rock Pedestal, is a
naturally occurring rock that resembles the shape of a mushroom.
They are formed by earthquakes or glacial action. A typical mushroom-shaped landform that is formed by the action of wind erosion.
Mushroom Rock
Example of Mushroom Rock
Loess Plateau, Chinese
is the wearing away of the landscape by
different agents like water, wind and ice.
Different landforms created on the surface of the
earth because of _________.
Erosional Landforms
Also known as Table Mountains,
these are elevated areas of land with a flat
top and sides that are usually steep cliffs.
They are usually surrounded by a
resistant rock known as a cap rock.
Mesa
Example of Mesa
The Grand Mesa, Western Colorado, USA
It is almost similar to mesa as it has a flat-topped hill and
steep sides and are formed in arid to semi-arid desert condition.
The difference is that it covers a smaller amount of area
when compared to a mesa. Its name originated from a French
word which means “hillrock” or small hill.
They are formed by erosion when a hard cap rock overlies a
layer of less resistant rock
Butte
Example of Butte
Elephant Butte, New Mexico, USA
Sometimes referred to as gorge, is a deep ravine between cliffs that is often carved from the landscape by a river, wind, or glacier.
It may appear like a valley except that it is deep seated, narrow, and surrounded by steep sides.
Unlike other landforms, canyons were not produced by tectonic activities or natural disasters but were influenced by
water and wind erosion over long period of geologic time.
Canyon
Example of Canyon
Grand Canyon, Northern Arizona, USA
These are the landforms that rise higher than the rest of their surroundings. They exhibit slopes, summit area, and local relief.
They have steep slopes and a summit, which is the highest point of elevation. Are formed when tectonic plates collide and push land upwards over millions of years, and
shaped by wind and water erosion.
Mountainous Landforms
Are landforms that are controlled by geological
processes that form them and continually act on them after their formation. can be identified from its opening at the top called vent. It’s cone-shaped structure or edifice is carved
out by the more or less symmetrical accumulation of lava and
other pyroclastic materials around its central vent system.
Volcanoes
Example of Volcanoes
Mayon Volcano, Albay, Philippines
Are elevated portions of lands that are formed by geologic activities such as faulting. They are usually covered with grass and are used as grazing lands for goats, cattle, and carabaos.
They are smaller than mountains, only about 300m high, with sloping sides unlike the steepness of the latter.
Hills
Examples of Hills
Chocolate Hills, Bohol, Philippines
Low-lying are of land situated between hills or mountains. They are usually formed by actions of rivers and glacier.
(2) what are the shapes?
Can be further classified as vale, dell, mountain
cove, hollow, and coon or hanging valley.
Valley or Dale
V-shaped when carved out by water and U-shaped when carved out by glaciers.
Examples of Valley or Dale
Grand Canyon, Arizona, USA
Are result of glaciers. Were created by the movement of large ice sheets during the Quaternary Glaciations (Pleistocene Glaciation).
There are two types of glaciers, alpine and continental glaciers.
Glacial Landforms
Are slow-moving rivers of ice that flow from high mountains.
Example: Gorner Glacier, Valais, Switzerland
Alpine Glacier
Are continuous masses of ice that are
much larger than alpine glaciers. Small continental glaciers are
called ice fields. Big continental glaciers are called ice sheets.
Greenland and Antarctica are almost entirely covered with
ice sheets that are up to 3500 m (11 500 ft) thick.
Continental Glacier
