Land Navigation

Question 1

What is mariginal on a map used for?

Answer 1

• Identification — indicates which area coverage the map represents.
• Interpretation — provides correlation between actual terrain features and map topographic symbols.
• Evaluation — helps determine the validity of the information represented on the map.

Question 2

What are the different colors used to represent different terrain features on a map?

Answer 2

• Black: manmade features.
• Brown: terrain features.*
• Green: vegetation.
• Blue: water.
• Red: road conditions and built-up areas.*

Question 3

Within how many meters will a 6 grid get you?

Answer 3

100m accuracy

Question 4

Within how many meters will a 8 grid get you?

Answer 4

10m accuracy

Question 5

Within how many meters will a 10 grid get you?

Answer 5

1m accuracy

Question 6

What are the 3 tyoes map scales?

Answer 6

• Large scale: 1:75,000 and larger.
• Medium scale: Smaller than 1:75,000 and larger than 1:600,000.
• Small scale: 1:600,000 and smaller.

Question 7

What are large maps used for?

Answer 7

• Cover relatively small area.
• Contain good detail.
• Are used for tactical purposes.

Question 8

What are medium maps used for?

Answer 8

• Cover a larger area.
• Contain less detail.
• Are used for strategic purposes and aerial navigation.

Question 9

What are small maps used for?

Answer 9

• Cover an extremely large area.

* Contain almost no detail.

Question 10

Define true north

Answer 10

Point on earth where lines of longitude converge (i.e., North Pole).

Question 11

What is magnetic north?

Answer 11

Lensatic compass always points to magnetic north. Lines not shown on map. Used to navigate in the field.

Question 12

What is grid nroth?

Answer 12

Parallel lines on the map which do not converge at North Pole. Based on Military Grid Reference System (MGRS).

Question 13

Define Declination

Answer 13

The angular difference between true north and grid north or magnetic north. Declination is ALWAYS measured from true north.

Question 14

Define azimuth

Answer 14

A horizontal angle measured clockwise from a base line.

Question 15

What is a back azimuth?

Answer 15

A back azimuth is the reverse (plus or minus 180) of an azimuth, either magnetic or grid. If the original azimuth is
Less than 180, add 180
More than 180, subtract 180

Question 16

What are the 3 methods to convert from grid to magnetic azimuths?

Answer 16

LARS, MAGMGA, Picture method

Question 17

What are the 3 methods of locating positions

Answer 17

inspection, intersection, and resection.

Question 18

What are the 2 ways to locate positions using the intersection method?

Answer 18

one point and two point intersection

Question 19

Define terrain profile

Answer 19

exaggerated side view of a portion of the earth’s surface along a line between two points.

Question 20

What military applications does terrain profiling include?

Answer 20

• Determining the most effective fields of fire for direct fire weapons.
• Determining dead space to be covered by indirect fire weapons.
• Determining visibility and hidden areas from observation posts.
• Various applications for engineers, communicators, and aircrews.

Question 21

Define the intersection method

Answer 21

The location of an unknown point by sighting on the unknown point from one or more known positions.

Question 22

Define the resection method

Answer 22

A method of determining your location by sighting on one or more known terrain features.

Question 23

What are some water features such as lakes or streams be categorized as?

Answer 23

• Perennial: they contain water more than six months of the year.
• Intermittent: they contain water less than six months of the year.

Question 24

Which vegetation feature is not shown on a map?

Answer 24

Annual vegetation

Question 25

What are the 5 types of vegetation shown on a map?

Answer 25

Woodlands, Scattered trees, Scrub, Orchards, Vineyards

Question 26

What are some types of manmade features?

Answer 26

Roads, railroads, bridges, power transmisson lines, airfields, buildings

Question 27

How are roads shown on a map

Answer 27

With a variety of reddish brown or black lines

Question 28

How are airfields shown on a map?

Answer 28

Airfields with a dirt or grass surface are shown with dashed black lines; paved surfaces are shown with solid black lines.

Question 29

What acronym do we use when describing landforms?

Answer 29

Shape, Orientation, Size, Elevation, Slope (SOSES)

Question 30

What are the types of contour lines?

Answer 30

Index, Intermediate, supplementary, depression, cliff

Question 31

What are the types of slopes?

Answer 31

Uniform steep, Uniform gentle, Concave, Convex

Question 32

What are the 2 basic techniques for using the lensatic compass?

Answer 32

Center hold technique and compass-to-cheek technique

Question 33

What is an attack point?

Answer 33

An easily recognizable feature positively identified on the map and on the ground, preferably 400 meters or less from your objective.

Question 34

Define collecting features

Answer 34

Features that you plan to cross enroute to your objective.

Question 35

Define limiting/catching feature

Answer 35

Predetermined feature, preferably linear (such as a stream, finger, or road), beyond your objective. If you reach this feature when navigating, you will know that you have traveled past your objective without finding it.

Question 36

Define Terrain association

Answer 36

The process of using terrain features to guide the navigator to the objective with little or no reliance on the compass.

Question 37

What is 90 degree offset?

Answer 37

technique is used when you are not able to cross a sizable obstacle.