Land Features

Question 1

What are the two main mountain ranges in Northern Pakistan?

Answer 1

Karakoram and Himalayas.

Question 2

What is Pakistan’s highest peak?

Answer 2

K2 (8,611 m).

Question 3

What does “Karakoram” mean?

Answer 3

“Black gravel.”

Question 4

Name three glaciers in the Karakoram Range.

Answer 4

Siachen, Biafo, Baltoro.

Question 5

Describe the climate in the Himalayas.

Answer 5

Cold winters, mild summers; alpine and coniferous forests.

Question 6

What is the highest peak in the Himalayas?

Answer 6

Nanga Parbat

Question 7

What are the three sections of the Himalayas?

Answer 7

Siwaliks, Lesser Himalayas, Central Himalayas.

Question 8

Where is the Hindu Kush range located?

Answer 8

Northwest of the Karakoram Range.

Question 9

What is the highest peak of the Hindu Kush?

Answer 9

Tirich Mir (7,690 m).

Question 10

What are the main economic activities in the Northern Mountains?

Answer 10

Livestock herding, agriculture, cottage industries.

Question 11

How is the weather in Hindu Kush?

Answer 11

Extreme winters, hot-short summers

Question 12

What crops are grown in the Northern Mountains?

Answer 12

Wheat, barley, rice, and vegetables.

Question 13

Name the mountain ranges in the Western Mountains.

Answer 13

Waziristan Hills, Safed Koh, Sulaiman, Kirthar.

Question 14

What are the main sources of income in the Northern Mountains during summer?

Answer 14

Livestock and tourism.

Question 15

What is the width of the Karakoram Range?

Answer 15

About 200 km.

Question 16

What rivers drain the Safed Koh range?

Answer 16

River Kabul.

Question 17

What minerals are found in the Sulaiman Range?

Answer 17

Limestone and sandstone.

Question 18

What type of agriculture is practiced in the Western Mountains?

Answer 18

Limited farming due to rugged terrain; mainly nomadic livestock rearing.

Question 19

What are the main features of the landscape in the Northern Mountains?

Answer 19

Steep slopes, high and snow-capped peaks, and glaciers.

Question 20

What is the average elevation of the Sulaiman Range?

Answer 20

Between 1,800 and 2,100 meters

Question 21

What is the climate like in the Sulaiman and Safed Koh ranges?

Answer 21

Very dry,
Little Rainfall.

limited vegetation

Question 22

What is the average height of the Safed Koh range?

Answer 22

1500-3000 meters.

Question 23

What is the altitude range of the Potwar Plateau?

Answer 23

300 to 600 meters.

Question 24

What is the terrain of the Potwar Plateau like?

Answer 24

Badland terrain, home to Ravines (steep-narrow mountains sides) and Burrows.

Question 25

What is the average height of Salt Range?

Answer 25

750 meters to 900 meters.

Question 26

What is the significance of the Salt Range?

Answer 26

It's rich in rock salt, gypsum, and limestone.

Question 27

Name 3 characteristics of Active Floodplains.

Answer 27

Located around 2 rivers, Prone to flooding, Have fertile and nutrient-rich soil.

Question 28

Name 3 characteristics of Old Floodplains.

Answer 28

Higher than active floodplains, Very fertile due to nutrient rich sediment deposits, Home to levees and oxbow lakes.

Question 29

Name 2 characteristics of Alluvial Bars.

Answer 29

Found in Upper Indus Plain, Safe from floods, Made from old alluvium.

Question 30

What is a scarp?

Answer 30

Slope that separates Old Floodplains from Alluvial Bars,

Question 31

Name 3 doabs in the Upper Indus Plain.

Answer 31

Sind Sagar Doab, Chaj Doab, Rechna Doab.

Question 32

What is Alluvium?

Answer 32

When water flows quickly through a narrow canyon, it picks up dirt, rocks, and other materials from the sides and bottom of the riverbed. This mixture of materials is called alluvium.

Question 33

What is the importance of Alluvial Fans?

Answer 33

Can store groundwater, Contain nutrient-rich soil due to alluvial deposits.

Question 34

Name 2 Deltas in Pakistan.

Answer 34

Indus Delta, Hub Delta

Question 35

Name 5 topographical features of deserts.

Answer 35

Sand dunes, Sand plains or pattis, Barren and cracked rocks, No river or stream.

Question 36

What are the problems faced by people in deserts?

Answer 36

Lack of water --> No farming, Farming --> Sukker barrage, Poverty, Nomadic lifestyle, Illnesses like hepatitis B are common.

Question 37

What is the drainage pattern of the Northern Mountains?

Answer 37

The River Indus dominates the drainage pattern of the Northern Mountains. As it passes through Hindu-Kush, it is joined by River Kabul, which is already joined by River Swat. Glacial Lakes are also a significant source of water for the region.

Question 38

What is the drainage pattern of the Western Mountains?

Answer 38

The Western Mountains are drained by River Indus, Zhob, and Gomal.

Question 39

Name 2 basis situated in the NORTHERN Balochistan Plateau.

Answer 39

Zhob and Loralai.

Question 40

Name 2 basis situated in the WESTERN Balochistan Plateau.

Answer 40

Chagai and Central Makran.

Question 41

What are some problems faced by people living in Balochistan?

Answer 41

Dry climate, Water scarcity, Bad Infrastructure.

Question 42

What are the economical activities in Balochistan?

Answer 42

Coal mines employ more than 80% of the population, 75% percent of crops grown here are sold in markets like Karachi, Exports 30% of fish to Europe.

Question 43

Name one oil refinery set up in the Potwar Plateau and Salt Range.

Answer 43

Attock Oil Refinery.