Lait Flashcards

1
Q

element

A

normes+interprétation

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2
Q

densité

A

1,028-1,035 ; <1,028 : mouillage suspecté ; >1,035 : colostrum, lait concentré ou écrémage

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3
Q

point de congélation

A

-0,53°C à -0,56°C ; >-0,53°C : mouillage (% eau = (0,55 - |α|)/0,55 × 100)

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4
Q

acidité

A

16-18°D (1,6-1,8 g/L) ; >20-22°D : fermentation/germes ; < : rétention/carbonates

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5
Q

chlorure teneur

A

1,55-1,70 g NaCl/L ; élevé : colostrum/mammites ; bas : mouillage

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6
Q

MG (Matière Grasse)

A

30-40 g/L ; <30 g/L : écrémage ; >40 g/L : concentration (T = [(M-M’)/M]×100)

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7
Q

azote total

A

5-6 g/L ; élevé : colostrum/fraude ; bas : mouillage/mammites (protéines = N×6,36)

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8
Q

CMS

A

74-79 ; <70 : mouillage ; 70-74 : pathologique (ex. mammites) ; formule : lactose + 11,9×NaCl

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9
Q

bleu de méthylène

A

Décoloration >3h = bon ; 1-3h : léger ; <1h : fort ; <15 min : très contaminé

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10
Q

rapport chlorures/azote

A

Chlorures (1,55-1,70 g/L) vs N total

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11
Q

azote total

A

5-6 g/L (moyenne 5,5 g/L) ; élevé : colostrum/fin lactation/fraude ; bas : mouillage/mammites

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12
Q

azote protéique

A

95% de l’azote total (caséine 80%, protéines solubles 20%) ; caséine = 27 g/L, insolubles

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13
Q

azote non protéique

A

5% de l’azote total (urée, créatinine) ; élevé = déséquilibre métabolique/pathologie

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14
Q

protéines totales

A

31,5-38 g/L (N total × 6,36) ; <31,5 g/L : mouillage ; >38 g/L : colostrum/concentration

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15
Q

matière sèche

A

125-135 g/L ; <125 g/L : mouillage/altération ; >135 g/L : lait concentré

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16
Q

lactose hydraté

A

47-52 g/L (moyenne 50 g/L) ; <47 g/L : rétention/mammites ; corrigé si acidité >1,6 g/L (lactose corrigé = lactose + (A-1,6))