Ladder Company Operations - Out of Service Ladder Company Notifications Flashcards
Ladder Company Operations:
Four Critical Areas Where Ladder Functions Must Be Completed
- The building roof
- The rear of the fire building
- The fire floor
- The floor above the fire
High Life Hazard and Institutional Occupancies:
Factors to consider when deciding which tactic will be assigned to ladder company personnel:
- Building size, construction, interior arrangement, and the effect fire is having on building
- Fire size, location, stage, and direction of travel
- Occupancy
- Life Hazard
High Life Hazard and Institutional Occupancies:
Two situations two-in/two-out can be broken
- If the fire is in the incipient stage, does not require the use of PPE, and can be controlled with a portable fire extinguisher
- A “known life hazard” exists, and the rescue will immediately undertake a primary search
Thermal Imaging Cameras:
The TIC is capable of reading temperatures within a range of ___ to ___ degrees F
0-1100 Degrees F
Thermal Imaging Cameras:
Lower energy band functions when temperatures are between ___ and ___ degrees F
0-200 Degrees F
Thermal Imaging Cameras:
Upper energy band functions at temperatures greater than ___ degrees F
200 Degrees F
Thermal Imaging Cameras:
The activation of the upper energy band is identified on the camera’s viewing screen by the presence of ___ in the upper left hand corner of the display
“EL”
Thermal Imaging Cameras:
If the image being viewed appears red in color, the object is ___ degrees F or hotter
450 Degrees F
Thermal Imaging Cameras:
The camera is designed to withstand temperatures up to ___ degrees F
700 Degrees F
Thermal Imaging Cameras:
Never point the camera directly at the ___
Sun
Thermal Imaging Cameras:
When the battery is at ___ capacity, LOW BAT will appear in the upper right hand corner
20%
Thermal Imaging Cameras:
Charger lights battery status:
Red
Green
Yellow
Flashing Red
Red: Battery is charging
Green: Charging is complete
Yellow: Battery is either too hot or too cold for charging
Flashing Red: Defect in batter
Ladder Company Ventilation:
Natural Ventilation
- Natural ventilation depends on convection currents, wind, and other natural air movements to allow atmospheric contaminants to flow out of the structure.
- Used when quick ventilation is needed (such as in a rescue situation)
- Natural ventilation may be limited in effectiveness by wind speed and wind direction
Ladder Company Ventilation:
3 Types of Mechanical Ventilation
- Positive-pressure
- Negative-pressure
- Hydraulic-pressure
Roof Operations and Ventilation:
Where is the best operating poistion to determine if a building requires ventilation and the location and timing of that ventilation?
The interior of the structure
Roof Operations and Ventilation:
Roof division crews must always a secondary means of ___
Egress
Roof Operations and Ventilation:
The initial Roof Division Supervisor must report to Command the following conditions:
- Roof design and construction
- Structural conditions
- Fire conditions or effects of the fire on the roof’s integrity
- Location of fire walls
- Locations of roof load/heavy objects that are affected by fire conditions
Roof Operations and Ventilation:
Ventilation holes should be ___
10% of the total roof surface or 4’ x 4’
Roof Operations and Ventilation:
Location of the venitilation opening if a wooden truss roof assembly is involved in fire:
- No operations above the fire are safe
- Consider gable end louvers and/or eave soffits and an indirect attack on the fire
Roof Operations and Ventilation:
If a steel truss roof assembly is involved in fire ___
Steel roof supports should be cooled from below with handlines to maintain strength in steel
Roof Operations and Ventilation:
If conventional ridge pole and rafter construction ___
Cut ventilation opening as close to directly over flame as possible
Rabbit Tool:
Rabbit tool is best forcible entry tool option under what environments?
Limited or no visibility environments
Rabbit Tool:
Rabbit tools are carried on what apparatuses?
All ladder companies and squad 2
Rabbit Tool:
Rotate coupling ___ to ___ to lock connection
1/4 to 1/2 turn
Rabbit Tool:
Use only ___ hydraulic fluid
Hurst Phosphate-Ester
Rabbit Tool:
Fluid should be checked after every ___ hours of use
10 hours
Positive Pressure Ventilation:
How far back from opening do we place fans?
12-15’
Positive Pressure Ventilation:
Three Major Elements for Effective Ventilation
- Provide an exit
- Push from unburned to burned
- Coordinate with interior attack crews
Forcible Entry:
4 Rules
- Try Before You Pry
- Use Route Most Commonly Used By Occupants
- Maintain The Integrity of The Door
- Don’t Ignore The Obvious
Ground Ladders:
AFD Ground Ladders (7)
- 10’ Attic
- 14’ and 16’ Roof
- 14’ Extension
- 24’ Extension
- Two Section and Three Section 35’ Extension Ladders
Ground Ladders:
Bedded Lengths of
24’ Extension
Two-Section 35’
Three-Section 35’
- 14’
- 20’
- 15’
Ground Ladders:
Proper Climbing Angles for Most Ground Ladder Operations/Rescue Angle
- 70 Degrees
- 60 Degrees
Ground Ladders:
Place Ladder at distance from vertical plane equal to ___ The Total Working Length of The Ladder
1/4
Ground Ladders:
Fire Service Ladders Safely Support ___ Pound Working load with a ___ Safety Factor
750 lbs
4:1
Ground Ladders:
Each Click is equal to ___ of vertical travel
14”
Ground Ladders:
Accordign to NFPA 1932 all ground ladders are to be tested ___
Should be inspected for damage ___ and ___
- Annually
- After each use and quarterly
Ground Ladders:
Standard Pulleys accommodate ___ - ___ diameter ropes
3/8” to 1/2”
Ground Ladders:
Heat sensor labels turn black in ___ degree temperatures
and may have lost ___ of its load capacity
300 Degrees F, 25%
Loss Control:
Overhaul begins when
As soon as the fire is extinguished
Loss Control:
15 second/two minute rule
If back of an ungloved hand cannot be kept against the wall for at least 15 seconds, open the wall. If it can be held against back of wall for 15 seconds, but is still warm, come back two minutes later. If still warm, open the wall.
Loss Control:
When do most fireground injuries occur?
During overhaul
Loss Control:
Salvage efforts should begin in areas most severely threatened by damage. In most cases these are areas directly ___ or ___ the fire area
- Adjacent to
- Below
Loss Control:
Two Basic Concepts for Property Conservation:
- Collect & Cover
- Remove
Search and Rescue:
Search Definition
The physical act of firefighters moving through an occupancy in an effort to lacte trapped victims and to gather information for the IC about interior conditions.
Search and Rescue:
Rescue Definition
The physical act of firefighters removing an endangered individual from an environment to an area of relative safety.
Search and Rescue:
Search priorities
- The Fire Floor
- The Floor Above The Fire Floor
- The Top Floor
- The Floors below the top floor, working down toward the floor above the fire floor
- All floors below the fire floor
Search and Rescue:
Rescue Profiles: Low Profile
-The structure/occupancy is believed to be empty or abandoned. These structures will be searched, however, extraordinary measures will not be applied.
Search and Rescue:
Rescue Profiles: Medium
The strucure/occupancy is believed to be occupied but suspected to be empty at the moment. A search will take place as soon as possible using standard search tactics and procedures.
Search and Rescue:
Rescue Profiles: High
The structure/occupancy is occupied and there is suspicion that there are trapped occupants. Search and rescue tactics will be given top prority and all efforts on scene will support these efforts.
Search and Rescue:
Rescue Profiles: Urgent
There is a KNOWN life hazard in the structure/occupancy. Aggressive search and rescue techniques will be employed, highly advanced search and rescue techniques are advisable and a high degree of risk to the operating firefighters is acceptable. All activity on the fireground will support firefighters performing search and rescue tactics.
Search and Rescue:
The Company assigned to interior search of a residential occupancy will be equipped with at least:
- One set of irons
- One 6’ Pike Pole
- One 2.5 Gallon Pressurized water extinguisher
Search and Rescue:
A thorough search of an average size residential room should take
-No more than 10 seconds
Search and Rescue:
Firefighters assigned to interior search of a commercial occupancy will be equipped with at least
- One set of irons
- One six foot hook
- Rabbit Tool
- Life Line
- Class 1 Escape Harness
- TIC
Search and Rescue:
Firefighters will not enter more than ___ to perform a primary search in a commerical occupancy
25’
Electrical Utilities:
Power is delivered at ___ volts maximum
240 Volts
Electrical Utilities:
Two Wire Service:
Older service providing 120 volts and single-phase service
Electrical Utilities:
Three wire system
Newer service providing two lines with 120 volts each and one line neutral
Electrical Utilities:
Power is delivered at ___ to ___ volts in commerical, industrial, large apartments, and hotels
120 to 34,500
Electrical Utilities:
Traffic lights usually carry ___ volts
Older lights carry up to ___ volts
- 240 volts
- up to 6,800 volts
Electrical Utilities:
Voltage tester range
50-1,000 volts AC
Electrical Utilities:
Temperature range for voltage tester
32-104 degrees F
Natural Gas Emergencies:
Natural Gas is ___ than air
Lighter
Natural Gas Emergencies:
Flammable range of natural gas
4-14%
Natural Gas Emergencies:
Ignition temperature of natural gas
1,000 degrees F
Natural Gas Emergencies:
Sulfur based additive to natural gas
Mercaptin
Natural Gas Emergencies:
Transmission main diameter/pressure
12-36”, up to 100 PSI
Natural Gas Emergencies:
Distribution main pressure
up to 60 PSI
Natural Gas Emergencies:
Can AFD personnel relight pilots?
No
Out of service Ladder Company Notifications:
Who is notified by BC?
- Deputy Chief of Logistics
- Alarm Room Officer
- Fleet Supervisor
- All Battalion Commanders assigned to field
