Labs Flashcards
the test has a low rate of false negatives
sensitive test
this test is used is used to measure the diseased cohort (sick patient and you are looking for cause)
sensitive test
this test has a low rate of false positives (used on healthy population/pha labs)
specific test
formula for T 1/2 beta ?
(0.7 x Vd)/clearance
what happens to the vessel when lesion at site?
vasoconstriction distal
vasodilation proximal
increased WBC to localized area of injury
vasodilation caused by prostacyclins and PGE2 to mobilize WBC to the site of injury
vasoconstriction caused by thromboxane and leukotrienes to prevent spread of infection to systemic
triad for inflammatory process?
increased WBC CRP ESR
Where is crp synthesized?
liver
because of inflammatory response
cytokines
best biomarker for renal function?
creatinine excreted entirely by kidneys and is directly proportional to renal excretory function.
inversely proportional to GFR
normal GFR?
125ml/min
where is the majority of calcium found
bones
If major Duckwork gave double the dose of insulin what would oppose the effects?
glucagon
epinephrine
cortisol
GH
What is anion gap?
normal 8-16
measure of plasma anions chloride and bicarb
lactic acid using up bicarb
Na - Cl + bicarb
anion gap =ketoacidosis, lactic acidosis, renal failure
non anion gap= mudd butt, renal tube acidosis, renal failure
Important roles for calcium?
neurotransmitter
cardiac myocytes inotropy and chronotropy
muscle contraction
coagulation
anesthetic gas that causes birth defect
nitrous oxide
methionine
who is the false calcium?
what does it do?
magnesium
see decreased physiologic responses associated with Ca
relaxes smooth muscle
what ion inhibits presynaptic ach release and potentiates NDNMB?
how much do you reduce the dose?
hypermagnesemia
1/3 to 1/2
the major extracellular cation responsible for osmotic pressure that maintains ECF volume?
sodium
serum osmol equation?
2 times sodium plus glucose divided by 18
when ECF volume increases the kidneys increase sodium excretion. What is the MOA?
ANP promotes sodium excretion
BNP promotes sodium excretion
Renal vasodilation promotes NaCl and H2O excretion
when ECF volume decreases the kidneys increase sodium retention. What is the MOA?
RAAS promotes Na retention
B1 kidney, renin, granular cells, sodium reten
… Baby girl
Whats your name
Let me talk to you
Let me buy you a drink I'm t-pain, you know me Konvict music nappy boy ooh wee I know da club close at 3 Whats the chance of you rollin wit me Back to the crib Show you how I live Lets get drunk forget what we did … I'mma buy you a drank Then i'mma take you home with me
this electrolyte imbalance causes increased sensitivity to NMB non-depolarizing
hypokalemia
best indicator for cardiac myocyte ischemia ?
Troponin
what enzyme specific for cardiac
CKMB
CKMB
rise
peak
clear
4-8 h
10-24h
24-36 h
Troponin T and Troponin l
rise
peak
clear
4-6 h
10-24 h
10-15 days
most specific tests for liver?
2
albumin
PT
anesthetic with lowest solubility
desflurane
anesthetic associated with renal issues?
sevo
compound A
what property of LA best reflect toxicity?
concentration
What labs most reflect fluid balance?
4
Hbg/Hct
Na
osmolality
lactate
Interference with the Na K ATPase pump from ischemia or hypoxia lead to _______/_______ tissue lack of energy _______, _________,_________and _________
Interference with the Na K ATPase pump from ischemia or hypoxia lead to hypoperfusion to tissue, lack of energy, hypoxia, hyperosmolality intracellularly, cell swelling, and death
