Labs Flashcards
What is the creatinine range?
0.6-1.3
What does it mean if someone has a high creatinine?
some sort of kidney issue
When is creatinine an issue?
if a pt. is going to get dye put in - like cardiac catheterization
What is the normal INR range?
2-3
What does INR monitor?
Coumadin therapy
When is INR dangerous?
when it is >4
You have a pt. that has an INR >4?
- Hold Coumadin
- Assess for bleeding
- Give vitamin K
- Notify HCP
What is the normal range of potassium?
3.5-5.3
You have a pt. that has a potassium of 3.3 what do you do?
- Assess the heart
- Give potassium
- Notify HCP
You have a pt. that has a potassium of 5.4-5.9, what do you do?
- Hold potassium
- Assess heart
- Give kayexalate, D5W, insulin
- Notify HCP
You have a pt. that has a potassium >6, what do you do?
- Hold potassium
- Assess heart
- Give kayexalate, D5W, insulin
- Notify HCP
STAT with rapid response!!!!!
What is a normal range of pH?
7.35-7.45
What is a dangerous pH?
6
What do you do if your pt. has a pH of 6?
- Assess vitals
2. Notify HCP IMMEDIATELY to treat underlying cause
What is a normal range for BUN?
6-20
You have a pt. that has a BUN of 23, what are you going to do?
Assess for dehydration
What is a normal range for hemoglobin?
13.2-17.3
If the pt. has a hemoglobin 8-11, what do you do?
Assess for malnutrition and/or anemia
The pt. has a hemoglobin <8, what do you do?
- assess for bleeding
- Prepare to admin blood
- Call doctor
What is a normal range of bicarb?
22-26
What is a normal range of CO2?
39-50
The pt. has a CO2 that is 50 and COPD, what do you do?
Nothing, that is to be expected
The pt. has a CO2 that is 50, what do you do?
- assess respiratory
- Do pursed lip breathing
- Notify HCP if it does not resolve
The pt. has a CO2 that is 60, what do you do?
- Establish respiratory failure
- Assess respiratory
- Prepare for intubation and ventilation
- Notify respiratory therapist (first) and doctor
What is a normal range of hematocrit?
36-54
The pt. has a hematocrit of 58, what do you do?
assess for dehydration
What is a normal range of P02?
80-100
The pt. has a P02 of 72, what do you do?
- assess respiratory
- Give them oxygen
- Notify HCP
When someone is hypoxic, which rate increases first?
heart rate
The pt. has a P02 of 60, what do you do?
- Establish respiratory failure
- Through O2 on
- Assess respiratory
- Prepare for intubation and ventilation
- Notify respiratory therapist (first) and doctor
What is the normal range for O2?
93-100
What 2 things invalidate an SaO2?
- Anemia - falsely elevates it
2. Dye procedure in the last 48 hours
What is a normal BNP?
<100
What is a normal range of sodium?
135-145
If the sodium is high, what do you assess for?
dehydration
If the sodium is low, what do you assess for?
overload
If the pt. has an abnormal and change in LOC, what do you do?
TAKE ACTION
What is the normal total white blood cell count?
4K-11K
What does the absolute neutrophil count need to be above?
greater than 500
What does the CD4 count need to be above?
200
What does a low CD4, or <200, mean?
AIDS
What do you do if you have low WBC, or neutrophils, or CD4?
- Assess for signs of infection
- Place on neutropenic precautions
- Notify HCP
What are neutropenic precautions?
- A private room
- Strict handwashing
- Avoiding exposure to people are sick
- Avoiding all fresh fruits, vegetables, and flowers
- Ensuring that all equipment used with the client has been disinfected
What is a range for platelets?
150K-400K
