labour

Question 1

ideologies within labour - socialism

Answer 1

-a more equal, classless society needs to be created
-humans are social creatures who can achieve more working collectively for the common good than they do competing as individuals in the free market

Question 2

ideologies within labour - egalitariansim

Answer 2

-tackling economic inequality
-argue that equality of opportunity us largely a myth, inequality results from rigid class structures and capitalism. instead they believe in equality of outcome

Question 3

what do labour stand for?

Answer 3

1. trade unions
2. for the majority - working class
3. charity
4. anti establishment
5. anti capitalism (less so now)
6. anti war

Question 4

what’s democratic socialism?

Answer 4

-capitalism in inherently exploitative
-private property must be replaced by a new system of social ownership
-e.g. Atlee, Corbyn

Question 5

what’s social democracy? (no socialism)

Answer 5

-accepts capitalism but supports significant state intervention to address its most exploitative effects
-nationalise some major industries
-Keynesian intervention
-increase legal protections and redistribute wealth through welfare
-e.g. Blair, Starmer, Wilson

Question 6

origins of labour:

Answer 6

-founded in 1900
-emerged out of the trade union movement and socialist parties of the 19th century
-overtook the liberal party to become the tories’ main opposition in the early 1920s
-

Question 7

policies: (2024)

Answer 7

1. deliver 2mil more NHS appointments a year
2. set up great british energy (publicly owned)
3. bring back the family doctor
4. stop water companies’ bonuses when they pollute waterways
5. make the minimum wage a genuine living wage

Question 8

new labour - Blair:

Answer 8

-it abandoned clause IV, loosened ties with trade unions
-aimed to appeal to all social classes, but tried to capture young white-collar middle class voters
-believed in meritocracy rather than egalitarianism
-believed in social democracy (state = hand up not hand out

Question 9

leader profile - Brown

Answer 9

-2007-2010
-pledged to make NHS reform a priority
-gov was tested 2008-09 when there was a worldwide financial crisis and recession
-scandals with abuse of expense accounts
-after negotiations with lib dems to form a coalition failed, brown resigned

Question 10

leader profile - Corbyn

Answer 10

-never PM, but Labour leader from 2015 to 2020
-left of labour, socialist
-supported continued EU membership
-came under criticism in relation to anti-semitism within labour
-currently sits in HoC as an independent

Question 11

faction - LF

Answer 11

-labour first
-aims to counter the left wing of the party
-pro NATO, pro nuclear weapons

Question 12

faction - BL

Answer 12

-blue labour
-promotes blue-collar and culturally conservative values within labout

Question 13

3 examples of social justice under Labour:

Answer 13

1. civil partnership act 2004 allowed civil partnerships for same-sex couples
2. sexual offences act 2000 equalised the age of consent for gay couples (16)
3. ban on gay people serving in the military lifted in 2000