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med term > LABORATORY BIOSAFETY AND BIOSECURITY > Flashcards

LABORATORY BIOSAFETY AND BIOSECURITY Flashcards

1
Q

-Contain Principles, Technologies and practices
implemented to prevent unintentional exposure to
patogens and toxins, or their unintentional release

A

LABORATORY BIOSAFETY

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2
Q

“PROTECT THE WORKER FROM THE BAD BUGS.”

A

LABORATORY BIOSAFETY

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3
Q

-PROTECTION, CONTROL AND ACCOUNTABILITY FOR
VALUABLE BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS WITHIN
LABORATORIES IN ORDER TO PREVENT
UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS, LOSS, THEFT, MISUSE,
DIVERSION O INTENTIONAL RELEASE

A

LABORATORY BIOSECURITY

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4
Q

“PROTECT THE BUGS FROM BAD WORKERS”.

A

LABORATORY BIOSECURITY

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5
Q

INFECTIONS (SYMPTOMATIC /
ASYMPTOMATIC)

A

LABORATORY ACQUIRED INFECTIONS (LAI)

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6
Q

▪ ACQUIRED THROUGH LABORATORY RELATED ACTIVITIES AS A RESULT OF WORKING WITH
INFECTIOUS AGENTS

A

LABORATORY ACQUIRED INFECTIONS (LAI)▪

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7
Q

Cause of laboratory exposure

A

20% → EQUIPMENT FAILURE
80% → HUMAN FACTORS

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8
Q

TOP ACCIDENTS RESULTING IN INFECTION

A

Needle stick injury
- Biohazard spillage

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9
Q

CONSUMPTION OF A SUBSTANCE BY AN ORGANISM

A

INGESTION

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10
Q

ACT OF INTRODUCTION OF A SUBSTANCE INTO THE BODY

A

INOCULATION

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11
Q

PRESENCE OF A MINOR AND UNWANTED
SUBSTANCE OR IMPURITY IN THE SKIN OR MUCOUS MEMBRANE

A

CONTAMINATION

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12
Q

ACT OF DRAWING AIR OR OTHER SUBSTANCES INTO THE LUNGS

A

inhalation

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13
Q

where laboratory biosafety and biosecurity traces its history

A

in North America and Western Europe.

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14
Q

when origins of biosafety is rooted in the US
biological weapons program

A

1943

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15
Q

who origins of biosafety is rooted in the US
biological weapons program

A

then US President Franklin Roosevelt
and was active during the Cold Baldwin

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16
Q

who terminated the US
biological weapons program

A

US President Richard Nixon

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17
Q

when is the US
biological weapons program terminated

A

1969

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18
Q

the first scientific
director of Camp Detrick (which eventually became
Fort Detrick)

A

Ira L. Baldwin

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19
Q

when did ira baldwin become the first scientific
director of Camp Detrick (which eventually became
Fort Detrick)

A

1943

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20
Q

ira baldwin task

A

establish biological weapons
program for defensive purposes to enable

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21
Q

Camp Detrick was
designated a permanent installation for biological
research and development.

A

After the Second World War,

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22
Q

inherent component of biological
weapons development

A

Biosafety -

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23
Q
  • designed modifications for
    biosafety at Camp Derrick.
A

Newell A. Johnson

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24
Q

developed Class III safety cabinets and
laminar flow hoods

A

Newell A. Johnson

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25
Q
  • U.S. Biological Research Laboratories at Fort
    Detrick (1944)
A

A.G. Wedum, MD (Arnold)

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26
Q

one of the pioneers in developing biosafety
measures after the Second World War

A

A.G. Wedum, MD (Arnold)

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27
Q

evaluated the risks of handling hazardous
biological agents and developed practices,
ventilated cabinets) equipment, and facility
safeguards for their control

A

A.G. Wedum, MD (Arnold)

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28
Q

Wedum and microbiologist Morton
Reitman, colleagues at Fort Detrick,
analyzed multiple epidemiological studies
of laboratory-based outbreaks.

A

1966

29
Q

general principles for dealing with potential
biohazards

A

Asilomar Conference in 1975

30
Q

was suggested that containment should be an
essential consideration in the experimental design
and that the effectiveness of the containment
should match the estimated risk.

A

Asilomar Conference in 1975

31
Q

when is the use of mechanical pipettors to
prevent laboratory-acquired infections

A

1907&1908

32
Q

when does the pharmaceutical company (Pennsylvania)
developed a ventilated cabinet to prevent infection
from mycobacterium tuberculosis

A

1909

33
Q

WHO eradicate smallpox (College of
Physicians of Philadelphia 2014).

A

1967

34
Q

designation of 4 levels of biosafety

A

mid-1970s-

35
Q

CDC published the Classification of Etiological
Agents on the Basis of Hazard

A

1976-

36
Q

(introduced the concept of establishing ascending
levels of containment associated with risks in
handling groups of infectious microorganisms that
present similar characteristics)

A

the Classification of Etiological
Agents on the Basis of Hazard

37
Q

(explained in detail the microbiological practices,
equipment, and facility necessarily corresponding to
four ascending levels of physical containment)

A

First edition of
NIH Guidelines for Research Involving Recombinant
DNA Molecules.

38
Q

Foundation for the introduction of a code for
biosafety practice

A

WHO’S laboratory safety manual (1983)
* NIH’s Biosafety in Microbiological and
Biomedical Laboratories (1984)

39
Q

American Biological Safety Association (ABSA)

A

1984-

40
Q

Directive on the protection of workers from
risks related
to exposure to biological agents at work (European
Commission)

A

1990-

41
Q

CDC

A

( Center for disease control and prevention)

42
Q

-provides oversight of public health and safety,
including the laboratory

A

CDC ( Center for disease control and prevention)

43
Q

-Develops and enforces workplace standards to
protect employees’ safety and health.
Recommendations include guidelines addressing
blood-borne pathogens, chemical safety,
phlebotomies, latex gloves, ergonomics, and any

A

OSHA (occupation safety and health administration)

44
Q

OSHA

A

(occupation safety and health administration)

45
Q

THE PRINCIPLE OF HOLDING OR BE CAPABLE OF
HOLDING OR INCLUDING WITHIN A FIXED LIMIT OR
AREA

A

CONTAINMENT

46
Q

PREVENTING THE RELEASE OF
BIOLOGICAL AGENTS

A

▪ BIOCONTAINMENT:

47
Q

(control hazard at source)

A

PRIMARY BARRIERS

48
Q

PRIMARY CONTAINMENT EQUIPMENT

A

□ BSC
□ ANIMAL ENCLOSURES
□ SEALED CENTRIFUGE ROTORS

49
Q

(structure surrounding
primary barrier)

A

SECONDARY BARRIERS

50
Q

SECODARY CONTAINMENT EQUIPMENT

A

HEPA FILTERS
▪ LIQUID EFFLUENT TREATMENT
▪ SEALED LABORATORY WALLS AND floor laminar flow wood

51
Q

PRINCIPLES OF BIOSAFETY

A

▪ PRACTICE AND PROCEDURES
CONSIDERATIONS
▪ SAFETY EQUIPMENT
▪ FACILITY DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
▪ INCREASING LEVELS OF PROTECTION

52
Q

STANDARD MICROBIOLOGICAL PRACTICES

A

▪ MOST IMPORTANT CONCEPT / STRICT ADHERENCE
▪ AWARE OF POTENTIAL HAZARD
▪ TRAINED AND PROFICIENT IN TECHNIQUES

53
Q

USED TO PROTECT FROM INFECTIOUS FLUIDS
□ DON’T WEAR LAB COATS OUTSIDE OF THE LAB OR
TAKE THEM HOME
□ CUFFED SLEEVES CAN PROTECT THE WRISTS AND
LOWER ARMS

A

▪ LAB COATS AND GOWNS

54
Q

□ WEAR DISPOSABLE VINYL, SYNTHETIC OR N-DEX
NITRILE GLOVES WHEN WORKING WITH
BIOHAZARDOUS MATERIALS
□ AVOID LATEX GLOVES (MAY CAUSE ALLERGIES)
□ DO NOT REUSE GLOVES
□ DO NOT WEAR GLOVES OUTSIDE OF THE
LABORATORY
□ WASH HANDS AFTER REMOVING GLOVES

A

gloves

55
Q

□ PROTECT MUCOUS MEMBRANES AND PREVENT
INGESTION WHENEVER THERE IS POTENTIAL FOR
SPLASH TO EYES/FACE

A

▪ EYE AND FACE PROTECTION

56
Q

OPEN TOED SHOES, SANDALS AND OTHER
OPEN FOOTWEAR SHOULD BE PROHIBITED
□ SHORTS AND OTHER GARMENTS THAT
LEAVE SKIN UNPROTECTED ARE NOT
APPROPRIATE

A

▪ FOOT/SKIN PROTECTION

57
Q

□ TWO TYPES: AIR SUPPLYING AND AIR PURIFYING
□ FULL FACE, HALF FACE, PAPR (POWERED AIR
PURIFYING RESPIRATOR)
RESPIRATORY PROTECTION
□ N95 RESPIRATORS
□ N100 RESPIRATORS

A

RESPIRATORY PROTECTION

58
Q

BIOSAFETY CABINETS (BSC)

A

PROVIDE EFFECTIVE PRIMARY CONTAINMENT
FOR WORK WITH INFECTIOUS MATERIAL OR TOXINS
WHEN THEY ARE PROPERLY MAINTAINED AND USED
IN CONJUNCTION WITH GOOD LABORATORY
TECHNIQUES

59
Q

Remove toxic chemicals (ducting/ductless)
- NO HEPA filter = not for biohazard agents

A

FUME HOODS

60
Q

Product protection (no personnel
protection)
- Not for biohazard agents or chemical fumes

A

LAMINAR FLOW CABINETS

61
Q

CLASS I BSC: personnel and environment
protection
- CLASS II & III BSC: personnel, product and
environment protection
- HEPA filters (not for chemical vapors)

A

BIOSAFETY CABINETS

62
Q

personnel and environment
protection

A

CLASS I BSC:

63
Q

personnel, product and
environment protection

A

CLASS II & III BSC:

64
Q

HEPA

A

High Efficiency Particulate Air

65
Q

ULPA :

A

: Ultra Low Penetration Air

66
Q

99.99% AT 0.3 MICRONS

A

HEPA:

66
Q

99.999% AT 0.12 MICRONS

A

ULPA:

67
Q

HEPA & ULPA FILTER CAPABILITIES

A

Removes a broad range of airborne contaminants:
- Fine dust
- Smoke
- Bacteria (500-0.3mm)
- Soot
Pollen
- Radioactive particles
- Impurity ion= can affect integrated circuit
speed

68
Q
A

med term (2 decks)

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