laboratory

Question 1

on the urine dipstick, she parameters are not applicable to animals?

Answer 1

nitrites, leucocytes and specific gravity

Question 2

What do you need to remember when switching to a x100 magnification on a microscope?

Answer 2

• add oil
• fulling open the aperture
• dont remember to move SLOWLLY once the oil is applied

Question 3

For a hair pluck or skin scrape, should the light and condenser be high or low

Answer 3

both need to be LOW
- decrease light
- lower the condender

Question 4

for haematology what tube do you use?

Answer 4

EDTA

Question 5

for biochem what tube do you use?

Answer 5

none

Question 6

for blood smears and blood PCV which tube do you use?

Answer 6

tube containing EDTA
(except for avian/reptile patients)

Question 7

why do you need to fill up to the line on the tube?

Answer 7

it is to do with the ratio of preservative

Question 8

For blood smears on avian/reptiles which tubes do you use?

Answer 8

tubes containing lithium heparin

Question 9

can you keep blood in the freezer?

Answer 9

no, must be in the fridge

Question 10

blood samples naturally break down and hemolyse after … hours

Answer 10

48hours

Question 11

what is plasma?

Answer 11

serum + clotting factors

Question 12

what is serum?

Answer 12

plasma - clotting factors

Question 13

FNA are stained in what stain?

Answer 13

Diff-quick

Question 14

Name the different reasons for the plasma to be different colours

Answer 14

Question 15

Can we expect greyhounds, or racehorse have higher PCV?

Answer 15

Yes, due to increased oxygen demand

Question 16

If an animal is dehydrated how will it affect its PCV?

Answer 16

it will increase it

Question 17

if a PCV is decreased what could that potentially signify?

Answer 17

animal is anemic

Question 18

what does PCV tell us?

Answer 18

RBC %

Question 19

normal PCV range for a dog

Answer 19

37-55%

Question 20

normal PCV range for a cat

Answer 20

26-45%

Question 21

normal PCV range for a horse

Answer 21

30-38%

Question 22

after blood has clotted what is this part?

Answer 22

serum

Question 23

if you add an anticoagulant and spin it down, what is the liquid portion called?

Answer 23

plasma

Question 24

what is an ideal blood smear?

Answer 24

• one cell thick
• has a feathered edge
• has a monolayer
• has been allowed to dry adequately
• has been made from blood at room temperature
• has been collected in an anti-coagulant
• has been made from blood that has been inverted gently

Question 25

What advice do you need to give an owner about collecting a urine sample?

Answer 25

• give a receptacle
• ask them to label with patient name, date of collection and to bring into clinic ASAP
• sample must be kept cool in the fridge

Question 26

urine containers for collection can contain nothing or …

Answer 26

boric acid

Question 27

why do some urine containers contain boric acid?

Answer 27

• to prevent bacterial growth

Question 28

If you want to do a culture and sensitivity on a urine sample should you use a plain tube or a tube containing boric acid?

Answer 28

a tube containing boric acid

Question 29

why should urine samples be kept in the fridge?

Answer 29

because artefact crystals can be formed

Question 30

Can you rely on specific gravity on a dipstick?

Answer 30

no

Question 31

Can you rely on bilirubin reading on a dipstick ?

Answer 31

yes

Question 32

Can you rely on a leucocyte reading on a dipstick?

Answer 32

no

Question 33

what does ERY signify on a dipstick?

Answer 33

erythrocytes- non hemolysed

Question 34

Can you use a glass jam jar for urine collection?

Answer 34

Only if it has been in the dishwasher (including the lid)

Question 35

what are the cons of using boric acid in a urine sample?

Answer 35

• dissolves any crystals present in the sample
• affects pH