Labor and Delivery

Question 1

birth prior to the 37th week of gestation; prematurely

Answer 1

preterm birth

Question 2

birth after the 42nd week of gestation

Answer 2

postterm birth

Question 3

use of medications to stop labor

Answer 3

tocolysis

Question 4

abnormal slowing of the heart rate to less and 60 beats per minute

Answer 4

bradycardia

Question 5

rapid heart rate

Answer 5

tachycardia

Question 6

structural abnormalities of the uterus that cause a difficult labor or childbirth

Answer 6

dystocia

Question 7

high blood sugar level

Answer 7

hyperglycemia

Question 8

low blood sugar level

Answer 8

hypoglycemia

Question 9

illness of late pregnancy characterized by high blood pressure with swelling and or protein in the mother’s urine; also known as toxemia of pregnancy

Answer 9

preeclampsia

Question 10

infection of the amniotic sac

Answer 10

chorioamnionitis

Question 11

also known as abruption placenta; the premature detachment of a normally situated placenta

Answer 11

placental abruption

Question 12

placenta is implanted in the lower segment of the uterus, extending over the cervical opening and often leading to bleeding during labor

Answer 12

placenta previa

Question 13

abnormal adherence of the chorionic villi to the uterus

Answer 13

placenta accrete

Question 14

medical complication of an illness

Answer 14

morbidity

Question 15

the thick, tarry stool formed during fetal life, which is not normally passed until after birth

Answer 15

meconium

Question 16

downward position of the infant’s head during vaginal delivery

Answer 16

vertex position

Question 17

substance that coats the alveoli in the lungs, keeping them open

Answer 17

surfactant

Question 18

life support technique involving putting a patient onto a heart-lung bypass machine

Answer 18

extracorporeal membrane oxygenation - ECMO

Question 19

scoring system with a score range of 0-10 used to assess neurological status of a newborn

Answer 19

Apgar score

Question 20

a disorder/disease of the brain

Answer 20

encephalopathy

Question 21

acute brain malfunction often resulting in coma, caused by acute reduction in the blood flow and oxygen supply to the brain

Answer 21

hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy

Question 22

condition in which there is an abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the ventricles of the brain, leading to the enlargement of the head in infants

Answer 22

hydrocephalus

Question 23

yellowing of the complexion and/or white of the eyes due to hyperbilirubinemia

Answer 23

jaundice

Question 24

excess accumulation of bilirubin in the blood that can result in jaundice or kernicterus

Answer 24

hyperbilirubinemia

Question 25

yellow staining of certain central parts of the brain resulting from excess accumulation of bilirubin in the blood.

Answer 25

kernicterus

Question 26

term used to describe and infant with a birth weight of less than 2,500 grams (5 1/2 pounds)

Answer 26

Low Birth Weight (LBW)

Question 27

term used to describe an infant with a birth weight of less than 1500 grams (3 1/2 pounds)

Answer 27

very low birth weight (VLBW)

Question 28

term used to describe an infant with a birth weight less than 1000 grams (2 1/4 pounds)

Answer 28

extremely low birth weight (ELBW)

Question 29

term used to describe an infant with a birth weight of less than 800 grams (1 3/4 pounds).

Answer 29

micropreemie

Question 30

a newborn whose weight is below the third percentile for gestational age

Answer 30

small-for-gestational-age (SGA)

Question 31

first signs of birth felt by the mother during the fourth or fifth month of pregnancy resulting from fetal movements

Answer 31

quickening

Question 32

hemorrhage into the cerebral ventricles

Answer 32

intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH)

Question 33

injury to part of the brain near the ventricles caused by the lack of oxygen, primarily occurring in premature infants

Answer 33

Periventricular leukomalacia

Question 34

diagnosis given to a previously well infant, often a former premature baby, who is found lifeless in bed without apparent cause

Answer 34

Sudden infant death syndrome SIDS

Question 35

persistence of a fetal passage permitting blood to bypass the lungs

Answer 35

patent ductus arteriosus

Question 36

too much acid in the blood stream

Answer 36

acidosis

Question 37

inadequate supply of oxygen reaching the body’s tisssues

Answer 37

hypoxia

Question 38

disorder in which blood has either too few red blood cells or too little hemoglobin

Answer 38

anemia

Question 39

low blood calcium level

Answer 39

hypocalcaemia

Question 40

excessively low body temperature

Answer 40

hypothermia