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Medical aspects > Central Nervous System > Flashcards

Central Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

part of the nervous system that consists of the brain and spinal cord

A

Central Nervous System (CNS)

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2
Q

shoe-shaped body that forms from the ectoderm during embryonic development, serving as a precursor to the spinal column

A

neural plate

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3
Q

the fold created during embryonic development when the neural plate expands and rises, which later becomes the spinal column

A

neural fold

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4
Q

precursor of the spinal column

A

neural tube

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5
Q

cavities within the cerebral hemisphere which contain cerebrospinal fluid

A

Ventricles

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6
Q

ability of all or part of an organ to take over the function of another damaged organ

A

plasticity

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7
Q

the bridge of white matter connecting the cerebral hemispheres

A

Corpus callosum

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8
Q

impairment of receptive language due to a disorder of the central nervous system

A

Aphasia

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9
Q

condition in which an abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the ventricles of the brain results in the enlargement of the head of an infant

A

Hydrocephalus

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10
Q

front

A

Ventral or Anterior

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11
Q

back

A

Posterior of Dorsal

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12
Q

to the side, away from midline

A

Lateral

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13
Q

lack of development

A

Agenesis

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14
Q

feedback/sensations of joint position

A

Proprioceptive

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15
Q

numbness with a pins and needles sensation

A

Paresthesias

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16
Q

inability to understand spoken words accompanied by the ability to speak, often in an unintelligible fashion

A

Receptive aphasia

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17
Q

atypical, involuntary movements

A

Dyskinesias

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18
Q

rapid, random, jerky movements

A

Chorea

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19
Q

movement towards midline

A

Adduction

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20
Q

movement away from midline

A

Abduction

21
Q

paralysis of one side of the body

A

Hemiplegia

22
Q

increased muscle tone resulting in stiff muscles and difficulty movements

A

Spastic

23
Q

involvement of both lower extremities with milder involvement of upper extremities

A

Deplegia

24
Q

all four limbs are affected

A

Quadriplegia

25
Q

constant random, writhing involuntary limb movements

A

Athetoid

26
Q

unbalanced gait

A

Ataxia

27
Q

primitive reflex in which infant throws out their arms as if giving a hug

A

moro reflex

28
Q

a shortening of muscle fibers causing decreased joint mobility

A

Contracture

29
Q

partial dislocation

A

Sublixation

30
Q

lying on the belly, face down

A

Prone

31
Q

lying on the back, face up

A

Supine

32
Q

congenital cystic malformation of the brain

A

Encephalocele

33
Q

neural tube defect in which either the entire brain or all but the most primitive regions of the brain are missing

A

Anencephaly

34
Q

developmental defect of the spine

A

Spina bifida

35
Q

protrusion of meninges and malformed spinal cord through a defect in the vertebral column; also called myelomeningocele

A

meningomyelocele

36
Q

protrusion of the meninges through a defect in the skull or vertebral column

A

Meningocele

37
Q

a tube connecting a cerebral ventricle with the abdominal cavity to treat hydrocephalus

A

Ventriculoperitoneal shunt

38
Q

lateral curvature of the spine

A

Scoliosis

39
Q

a humping deformity of the spine

A

Kyphosis

40
Q

combination of humping and curvature of the spine

A

Kyphoscoliosis

41
Q

surgically placed opening from the small intestine through the abdominal wall to divert bowel or bladder contents after an operation

A

Ileostomy

42
Q

infusion or removal of fluids through the use of a tube

A

Catheterization

43
Q

the brain’s level of tolerance for electrical activity, with seizure activity occurring when the tolerance level is exceeded

A

Seizure threshold

44
Q

pertaining to a seizure event

A

Ictal

45
Q

immediately following a seizure episode

A

Postictal

46
Q

a visual and/or olfactory sensation marking the onset of a seizure

A

Aura

47
Q

localized collection of clotted blood lying in the space between the dural and arachnoid membranes that surround the brain.

A

Subdural hemotoma

48
Q

localized collection of clotted blood lying between the skull and outer (dural) membrane of the brain, resulting from the hemorrhage of a blood vessel resting in the dural

A

Epidural hrmatona

Medical aspects (6 decks)

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