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N431 OB Final > Labor and Birth > Flashcards

Labor and Birth Flashcards

1
Q

What is variability in fetal heart rate

A

fluctuations that are irregular in amplitude and frequency

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2
Q

What is absent variability

A

undetectable

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3
Q

What is minimal variability

A

equal or less than 5 bpm

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4
Q

What is moderate variability

A

6-25 bpm

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5
Q

What is marked variability

A

more than 25 bpm

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6
Q

What are accelerations in fetal heart rates

A

abrupt increase of at least 15 bpm above baseline

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7
Q

What is the onset to peak in accelerations

A

less than 30 seconds

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8
Q

How long to accelerations last for

A

15 seconds - 2 minutes

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9
Q

What is the cause of accelerations and do they need to be treated

A

fetal movement, no

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10
Q

What are early decelerations

A

symmetrical, gradual decrease in FHR associated with contractions that line up with the peak of the contraction

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11
Q

What is the cause of early decelerations

A

head compression

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12
Q

What is the treatment for early decelerations

A

none, change in position for mom

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13
Q

What are late decelerations

A

symmetrical, gradual decrease in FHR associated with contractions that occur after the peak of the contraction

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14
Q

What is the cause of late decelerations

A

placental insufficiency

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15
Q

What is the treatment for late decelerations

A

turn off Pitocin, O2, change in position for mom

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16
Q

What are variable decelerations

A

abrupt decrease in FHR with or without contractions and drop more than 15 bpm

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17
Q

What is the cause of variable decelerations

A

cord compression

18
Q

How is Oxytocin administered

A

IV piggy back at 1-2 mU/min

19
Q

How often and by how much do you increase Oxytocin

A

increase by 1-2 mU/min every 15-60 minutes

20
Q

What are the risks of Oxytocin (10)

A
  • Tachysystole
  • Maternal HTN
  • Uterine rupture
  • Placental abruption
  • Rapid labor/birth
  • Decreased placental function
  • Fetal hypoxia
  • Fetal bradycardia
  • Hyperbilirubinemia
  • Trauma
21
Q

What color is amniotic fluid

A

clear, pale straw colored

22
Q

Does amniotic fluid have a smell

A

no

23
Q

What can be found in the amniotic fluid

A

vernix or lanugo

24
Q

What is the pH of amniotic fluid

A

6.5-7.5

25
Q

What does amniotic fluid look like under a microscope

A

frond like crystalline pattern

26
Q

How much is the cervix dilated during early labor

A

0-6 cm

27
Q

How long do contractions last for during early labor

A

30-45 seconds

28
Q

How much time is between contractions during early labor

A

5-30 minutes

29
Q

How much is the cervix dilated during active labor

A

6-8 cm

30
Q

How long do contractions last for during active labor

A

45-60 seconds

31
Q

How much time is between contractions during active labor

A

3-5 minutes

32
Q

How much is the cervix dilated during the transition phase

A

8-10 cm

33
Q

How long are contractions during the transition phase

A

60-90 seconds

34
Q

How much time is between contractions during the transition phase

A

1-3 minutes

35
Q

How long do contractions last for during the 2nd stage

A

60-90 seconds

36
Q

How much time is between contractions during the 2nd stage

A

3-5 minutes

37
Q

How soon after birth does the placenta separate from the uterine wall

A

5-20 minutes after birth

38
Q

What are the signs of placental separation

A
  • Firmly contracted fundus
  • Sudden gush of blood from the vagina
  • Lengthening of the umbilical cord
39
Q

What can be given during the birth of the baby’s shoulder or after birth to control bleeding

A

Oxytocin

40
Q

What is the recovery stage

A

2 hours after delivery of the placenta

41
Q

How often are assessments done

A

every 10, 15, 30 minutes

42
Q

What is included in the assessments

A
  • Vitals
  • Fundus
  • Bleeding

N431 OB Final (5 decks)

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