LABMAN Flashcards
Removes hazard at the source
Preferred solution to protect workers because no exposure can occur
Elimination
using a safer alternative to the source of the hazard
effective substitutes reduce the potential for harmful effects and do not create new risks
Substitution
reduce or prevent hazards from coming into contact with workers
modifying equipment or the workspace, using protective
barriers, ventilation, and more.
Engineering Controls
Establish work practices that reduce the duration, frequency, or intensity of exposure to hazards.
Administrative Controls
Equipment worn to minimize exposure to hazards
PPE
PPE should address:
Workplace hazards assessment
PPE selection and use
Inspection and replacement of damaged or worn out PPE
Program monitoring for continued effectiveness
disease producing agents (pathogens) that can be transmitted to individuals through various routes of exposure
Biohazard
Pathogens and Common Modes of Transmission:
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
Blood and Body Fluids
Pathogens and Common Modes of Transmission:
Hepatitis A Virus (HAV)
Hepatitis E Virus (HEV)
Fecal-Oral
Pathogens and Common Modes of Transmission:
Herpes Simplex Viruses (HSV)
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus (VRE)
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)
Clostridium difficile (C. difficile)
Contact
Pathogens and Common Modes of Transmission:
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
Small particle aerosol (airborne)
Pathogens and Common Modes of Transmission:
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
Herpes Zoster Virus (HZV)
Influenza virus (Flu)
Measles (Rubeola virus)
More than one mode: contact, and/or
droplet spray
Habitat for organism to grow; human, animal, air, food, soil, water, equipment
Reservoir
Secretions (e.g. saliva), excretions (e.g. urine, feces)
Port of exit
Contact, droplet, airborne, vector, formites
Modes of Transport
Mucosa, lining, open, wound, oral, respiratory tract, urinary tract
Port of Entry
Biosafety levels:
Agents that have no known potential for infecting healthy people
BSL 1
Biosafety levels:
Microorganisms associated with
human diseases that are rarely serious and for which preventive or therapeutic interventions are often available.
BSL2
Biosafety levels:
Material that may
contain viruses not normally encountered
in a clinical laboratory and mycobacteria
BSL 3 with risk based enhancement
Biosafety levels:
dangerous and exotic agents that pose a higher risk of aerosol transmitted laboratory infections and life-threatening disease for which effective treatments are limited.
BSL 4
Biosafety level:
Controlled access
Hand washing sink
Sharp hazards warning policy
Personal protective equipment
Laboratory bench
Autoclave
BSL1
Biosafety level:
Controlled access
Hand washing sink
Sharp hazards warning policy
Physical containment device
Personal protective equipment
Laboratory bench
Autoclave
BSL 2
Biosafety level:
Air tight when disinfecting
Self-closing, double-door access
Controlled access
Personal shower out (risk-based enhancement)
Sharp hazards warning policy
Hand washing sink
Sealed penetrations
Physical containment device
Powered air purifying respirator (risk- based enhancement)
Laboratory bench
Autoclave
Exhaust HEPA filter (risk-based enhancement)
Effluent decontamination system (risk- based enhancement)
BSL 3 with Risk Based Enhancements
Biosafety levels:
Air tight
Self-closing, double-door access
Controlled access
Sharp hazards warning policy
Hand washing sink
Sealed penetrations
Physical containment device
Positive pressure protective suit
Laboratory bench
Autoclave
Chemical shower out
Personal shower out
Supply and exhaust
HEPA filter
Effluent decontamination system
BSL 4