Labels Flashcards

1
Q

Lemert

A

Chronic stuttering among Inuits (eskimos) in Canada

- pressure of being told not to stutter leads to more stuttering

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2
Q

Primary deviance

A

Rule breaking acts which have been labelled - little consequence on individual

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3
Q

Secondary deviance

A

The consequence of the societal reaction to primary deviance

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4
Q

What happens to a person when they are publicly labelled as deviant

A

People will respond to that individual according to the deviant label that has been attached

  • becomes a part of their self-concept
  • may lead to the ‘self- fulfilling prophecy’
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5
Q

Becker: master status

A

Personal labelled will be seen in terms of their label only

  • becomes their master status
  • may cause deviance amplification, individual joins a deviant subculture where the activity can be justified and supported
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6
Q

The deviant career

A

Negative label- self concept- label reinforced- master status- deviant career

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7
Q

Cicourel ( middle class)

A

Middle class youths able to negotiate their way out of trouble and parents can defend their child successfully

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8
Q

Media and deviance amplification

A

Media amplifies crime - demonises deviants and creates moral panics
- Stan Cohen: powerless groups identified as folk devils in an attempt to increase control of the deviance

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9
Q

Deviance amplification (steps)

A
  1. Group identified as deviant
  2. Media exaggerates creating moral panics
  3. Increased social reaction
  4. Secondary deviance
  5. Police and courts respond
  6. More causes found, evidence for concerns around folk devils
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10
Q

Jock Young: ‘the drug takers’ hippies in Notting hill

A

Marijuana use peripheral to the hippies lifestyle

  • persecution and labelling by police led to hippies increasingly seeing themselves as outsiders
  • they retreated into close groups and developed a deviant subculture
  • not the act itself by societies reaction that creates serious deviance
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11
Q

‘The drug takers’

A

Jock young

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12
Q

Triplett

A

Increasing attempts to punish/ control young offenders have the opposite effect

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13
Q

Increasing attempts to punish/ control young offenders have the opposite effect

A

Triplett

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14
Q

If negative labelling pushes individuals toward a deviant career…

A

We should enforce fewer laws for people to break?

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15
Q

Braithewaite: shaming

A
  • disintegrative shaming: the crime and the criminal is labelled as bad and the offender is excluded from society
  • reintegration shaming labels the act but not the actor
  • avoids stigmatising the offender as evil and makes them aware of negative impact of their actions - easier to reintegrate into society
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16
Q

Strengths

A
  • doesn’t treat official statistics as facts
  • rejects idea that deviants are different to ‘normal’ people
  • questions effectiveness of policing/ punishment and bias in law enforcement
  • raises issue of power in creating deviance
  • considers impact of mass media and society’s reaction to individuals
17
Q

Negatives

A

Deterministic
Ignores why primary deviance is committed
Emphasis on negative impact of labelling gives offenders a ‘victim’ status:
- ignores real victim
- ignores that some may choose deviance
Marxists: fails to examine links between labelling and capitalism