Labelling as an explanation

Question 1

crime is a social construct

Answer 1

Becker

Question 2

Two effects of labelling of deviants

Answer 2

creation of outsiders - those who dont follow social norms
expansion of law enforcement to tackle outsiders

Question 3

who found that police decisions to arrest a youth is based on physical cues (manner and dress) and time/place - more likely to arrest at night

Answer 3

Pilivan and Briar

Question 4

Negotiation of justice (focusing on certain types of people who they think are likely to offend) - built by media/personal experience

Answer 4

Cicourel

Question 5

Primary and secondary deviance

Answer 5

Lemert

Question 6

Notting Hill Hippie Study - marijuana users (used to be peripheral but now more concentrated)

Answer 6

Jock Young

Question 7

Ao3 for Notting Hill hippie - people choose whether to deviate further, not passive

Answer 7

Downes x Rock

Question 8

What is the deviance amplification spiral?

Answer 8

crime control leads to further deviance

Question 9

Folk devils and moral panics (crime control leads to further deviance)

Answer 9

Stanley Cohen

Question 10

reintegrative and disintegrative shaming

Answer 10

Braithwaite

Question 11

how many offenders in Sex Offender Village?

Answer 11

107

Question 12

Rosenhan Experiment

Answer 12

hearing voices - symptoms stopped but still labelled - treated as mentally ill

Question 13

Institutionalisation - label often becomes Master Status - some adopt label, others resist

Answer 13

Goffman