Labb Flashcards
What is the main function of the skeletal system?
Supporting the body, protecting organs, producing blood cells, storing minerals
True or False: Bones are made up of living cells.
True
What is the outer layer of bone called?
Periosteum
Which type of bone marrow is responsible for producing red blood cells?
Red bone marrow
What is the scientific term for the collarbone?
Clavicle
How many bones are in the human body?
206
What is the smallest bone in the human body?
Stapes (in the ear)
Which bone protects the brain?
Skull
What is the medical term for the kneecap?
Patella
What are the two main divisions of the skeleton?
Axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton
What type of joint connects bones with dense fibrous tissue?
Fibrous joint
Which bones make up the forearm?
Radius and ulna
What is the scientific term for the shoulder blade?
Scapula
True or False: The sternum is also known as the breastbone.
True
Which bone is commonly known as the shinbone?
Tibia
What is the function of cartilage in the skeletal system?
Provides cushioning and reduces friction between bones
What is the longest bone in the human body?
Femur
What is the scientific term for the thigh bone?
Femur
Which type of joint allows for a wide range of motion?
Synovial joint
Where is the hyoid bone located in the body?
In the neck, between the lower jaw and the larynx
What is the function of the vertebral column?
Supports the body, protects the spinal cord, allows for movement
True or False: Ribs are considered flat bones.
True
Which bone forms the lower jaw?
Mandible
What is the function of the patella?
Protects the knee joint, aids in movement
What is the largest organ in the human body?
Skin
What are the three main layers of the skin?
Epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis
What is the outermost layer of the epidermis called?
Stratum corneum
What pigment gives skin its color?
Melanin
What is the function of sebaceous glands?
To produce sebum, which moisturizes and protects the skin
What is the function of sweat glands?
To regulate body temperature by producing sweat
What is the medical term for a mole?
Nevus
What is the purpose of hair on the human body?
To provide insulation and protection
Which vitamin is synthesized in the skin when exposed to sunlight?
Vitamin D
What is the condition characterized by excess sebum production and inflammation of hair follicles?
Acne
What is the medical term for a scar?
Cicatrix
What is the function of the hypodermis?
To store fat and provide insulation
Which type of skin cancer is the most common but least dangerous?
Basal cell carcinoma
Which layer of the skin contains blood vessels and nerves?
Dermis
What is the purpose of the arrector pili muscles?
To contract and cause hair to stand on end (goosebumps)
Which skin layer contains immune cells that help fight infections?
Epidermis
What is the function of the subcutaneous layer (hypodermis)?
To attach the skin to underlying tissues and organs
True or False: The epidermis is avascular.
True
Which type of skin cancer is the most dangerous and can metastasize?
Melanoma
What is the term for the shedding of dead skin cells from the epidermis?
Desquamation
What is the function of the stratum basale in the epidermis?
To produce new skin cells through cell division
What is the medical term for a blister?
Vesicle
What is the function of the nail plate?
To protect the fingertips and enhance fine touch sensitivity
What is the main component of the dermis that provides strength and elasticity?
Collagen
What is the purpose of the stratum lucidum in the epidermis?
To provide additional protection and waterproofing
What is the medical term for a freckle?
Ephelis
What is the function of the sebum produced by sebaceous glands?
To lubricate the skin and hair
What is the function of the cuticle in the nail?
To seal the space between the nail plate and nail bed
What is the purpose of the subcutaneous fat layer?
To provide cushioning and energy storage
