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Cell Bio Lab Test#2 > Lab2: Gene Explorer > Flashcards

Lab2: Gene Explorer Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Draw a time line of how the DNA goes to a polypeptides.

A

DNA ——(transcription by RNA pol)— Pre mRNA ——- (CAP+Poly A tail+splicing out introns)——- Mature mRNA——(translation by ribosome)— polypeptide

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2
Q

What is the function of an mRNA

A

To communicate with the rest of the cell

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3
Q

What is the fundamental composition for nucleotides?

A

1- Nitrogenous base (C, T, U, A or G)
2-Pentase Sugar: deoxyribose or ribose
3-Phosphate group

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4
Q

mRNA reads what?

A

Codons (sets of 3 bases)

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5
Q

Codons codes for what type of macromolecules?

A

Amino acids

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6
Q

What compose the backbone structure of nucleotides?

A

-Pentase sugar
-phosphate group

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7
Q

What is the principle of DNA synthesis?

A

Always adding new nucleotides at 3’ end

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8
Q

What type of bonds is formed by déshydratation synthesis?

A

Phosphodiester bond

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9
Q

What is the function of DNA pol 1?

A

Replaces RNA primer with DNA

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10
Q

What is the role of DNA pol II?

A

Repairs mis-matched bases

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11
Q

In gene explorer what disappears on the mature mRNA and protein strand?

A

Introns

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12
Q

What is the function of DNA pol III?

A

Enzyme required for DNA synthesis and adds a nucleotide on the 5’ to 3’ direction

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13
Q

What is the function of a primer?

A

Provides a free 3’-OH end to bind with the 5’ phosphate

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14
Q

What is the role of the promoter?

A

Initiate transcription when the RNA pol binds

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15
Q

What is an intron?

A

Non-protein-coding intervening sequences that are spliced for mRNA

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16
Q

What is an exon?

A

A sequence present in protein-coding mRNA after completion of pre-mRNA splicing

17
Q

What is the function of the terminator?

A

Stops the transcription (when RNA pol falls of the DNA)

18
Q

What is the code for a start codon?

A

AUG

19
Q

What are the 3 possibles codes for the stop codons?

A

-UAA
-UAG
-UGA

20
Q

What is the role of the snurps?

A

Removes introns and joins exon together on the mature- mRNA strand

21
Q

How do we recognize the intron start?

A

5’-GUGCG-3’

22
Q

How do we recognize the intron end?

A

5’-CAAAG-3’

Cell Bio Lab Test#2 (4 decks)

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