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Pharmacy Practice IV > Lab Values from lecture > Flashcards

Lab Values from lecture Flashcards

1
Q

What labs are in the chem-7?

A

Na, K, Cl, SCr, BUN, CO2, Glu

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2
Q

What other labs can be done?

A

Mag, Ca, Phos

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3
Q

What shows kidney function?

A

SCr/BUN ratio, CrCl

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4
Q

What does a CBC consist of?

A

WBC, Plts, Hgb, Hct

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5
Q

Sensitivity

A

True positive

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6
Q

Specificity

A

true negative

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7
Q

What is the normal range for Na?

A

135-145 mEq/L

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8
Q

What can hyponatremia induce?

A

Seizures. Normal is 0.9% Na.

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9
Q

What is bad about hypernatremia?

A

Thirst, irritability, seizures

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10
Q

What is the normal range for K+?

A

The normal range for K+ is 3.5-5 mEq/L

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11
Q

What can cause hypokalemia?

A

Insulin, meds, vomiting, diarrhea, anything that gets rid of electrolytes

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12
Q

What can cause hyperkalemia?

A

Burns, crush injuries, increased intake, decreased output

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13
Q

What does potassium regulate in our bodies?

A

Regulation of muscle and nerve excitability through action potentials

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14
Q

What is the range for normal Cl?

A

96-106 mEq/L

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15
Q

What does Cl do?

A

It follows sodium to maintain osmolarity

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16
Q

What is the normal range for bicarbonate?

A

22-32 mEq/L

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17
Q

What does bicarbonate assess?

A

metabolic pH.

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18
Q

What is BUN?

A

Blood urea nitrogen

19
Q

What does BUN assess?

A

It measures serum nitrogen as a waste product from protein metabolism. Renal function is assessed, especially hydration.

20
Q

What is the reference range for BUN?

A

8-20 mEq

21
Q

What is the serum creatinine reference range?

A

0.7-1.2 mg/dL

22
Q

What is the ratio of BUN:SCr that indicates hydration?

A

20:1. Any higher and there could be dehydration.

23
Q

What is SCr?

A

It is a decomposition product produced by muscles. Not specific.

24
Q

What does the Cockcroft-Gault equation measure?

A

CrCl

25
Q

What is the Cockroft-Gault equation?

A

CrCl = ((140-age)weight)/(SCrx72) x0.85(women)

26
Q

How do you calculate body weight?

A

Males: IBW = 50kg + 2.3kg (inches over 5’)
Females: IBW = 45kg +2.3kg (inches over 5’)

27
Q

What is adjusted body weight? When do you use it?

A

= IBW + 0.4 (ABW -IBW)

Use it when actual weight is 25% more than ideal.

28
Q

What is the normal range for glucose?

A

70-110 mg/dL

29
Q

What is the normal range for Mg?

A

1.5-2.2 mEq/L

30
Q

What are the symptoms of hyperkalemia?

A

Rhythm disturbances, bradycardia, arrest

31
Q

What are the symptoms of hypermagnesemia?

A

similar to that of hyperkalemia

32
Q

What is the normal range for calcium?

A

8.5-10.8mg/dL

33
Q

What is the purpose of calcium?

A

involved with bone health, neuromuscular activity and endocrine function.

34
Q

What is calcium bound to?

A

Serum albumin

35
Q

What is the corrected Ca equation?

A

CoCa = 0.8 (4mg/dL- albumin) + Ca

36
Q

What is twitching, constipation, and kidney stones a symptom of?

A

Hypercalcemia

37
Q

What is tingling a symptom of?

A

Hypocalcemia

38
Q

What is the normal phosphate range?

A

2.6-4.5 mg/dL

39
Q

What are normal albumin ranges?

A

3.5-5 g/dL

40
Q

Why is albumin important?

A

It shows the amount of free drug in the system

41
Q

What are normal hemoglobin ranges for males and females?

A

Males: 14-18 g/dL
Females: 12-16 g/dL
Low could mean iron or B12 deficiency

42
Q

What are the normal hematocrit ranges for males and females?

A

Males: 42-50%
Females: 36-45%
High hematocrit could mean dehydration

43
Q

What is the normal range for white blood cells?

A

3.8-10.8 x10^3 cells/uL. High means infection (except for AIDS)

44
Q

What is the normal range for platelets?

A

140-440 x10^3. The lower the number, the less likely you are to clot.

Pharmacy Practice IV (12 decks)

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