Lab Values from lecture

Question 1

What labs are in the chem-7?

Answer 1

Na, K, Cl, SCr, BUN, CO2, Glu

Question 2

What other labs can be done?

Answer 2

Mag, Ca, Phos

Question 3

What shows kidney function?

Answer 3

SCr/BUN ratio, CrCl

Question 4

What does a CBC consist of?

Answer 4

WBC, Plts, Hgb, Hct

Question 5

Sensitivity

Answer 5

True positive

Question 6

Specificity

Answer 6

true negative

Question 7

What is the normal range for Na?

Answer 7

135-145 mEq/L

Question 8

What can hyponatremia induce?

Answer 8

Seizures. Normal is 0.9% Na.

Question 9

What is bad about hypernatremia?

Answer 9

Thirst, irritability, seizures

Question 10

What is the normal range for K+?

Answer 10

The normal range for K+ is 3.5-5 mEq/L

Question 11

What can cause hypokalemia?

Answer 11

Insulin, meds, vomiting, diarrhea, anything that gets rid of electrolytes

Question 12

What can cause hyperkalemia?

Answer 12

Burns, crush injuries, increased intake, decreased output

Question 13

What does potassium regulate in our bodies?

Answer 13

Regulation of muscle and nerve excitability through action potentials

Question 14

What is the range for normal Cl?

Answer 14

96-106 mEq/L

Question 15

What does Cl do?

Answer 15

It follows sodium to maintain osmolarity

Question 16

What is the normal range for bicarbonate?

Answer 16

22-32 mEq/L

Question 17

What does bicarbonate assess?

Answer 17

metabolic pH.

Question 18

What is BUN?

Answer 18

Blood urea nitrogen

Question 19

What does BUN assess?

Answer 19

It measures serum nitrogen as a waste product from protein metabolism. Renal function is assessed, especially hydration.

Question 20

What is the reference range for BUN?

Answer 20

8-20 mEq

Question 21

What is the serum creatinine reference range?

Answer 21

0.7-1.2 mg/dL

Question 22

What is the ratio of BUN:SCr that indicates hydration?

Answer 22

20:1. Any higher and there could be dehydration.

Question 23

What is SCr?

Answer 23

It is a decomposition product produced by muscles. Not specific.

Question 24

What does the Cockcroft-Gault equation measure?

Answer 24

CrCl

Question 25

What is the Cockroft-Gault equation?

Answer 25

CrCl = ((140-age)weight)/(SCrx72) x0.85(women)

Question 26

How do you calculate body weight?

Answer 26

Males: IBW = 50kg + 2.3kg (inches over 5') Females: IBW = 45kg +2.3kg (inches over 5')

Question 27

What is adjusted body weight? When do you use it?

Answer 27

= IBW + 0.4 (ABW -IBW) | Use it when actual weight is 25% more than ideal.

Question 28

What is the normal range for glucose?

Answer 28

70-110 mg/dL

Question 29

What is the normal range for Mg?

Answer 29

1.5-2.2 mEq/L

Question 30

What are the symptoms of hyperkalemia?

Answer 30

Rhythm disturbances, bradycardia, arrest

Question 31

What are the symptoms of hypermagnesemia?

Answer 31

similar to that of hyperkalemia

Question 32

What is the normal range for calcium?

Answer 32

8.5-10.8mg/dL

Question 33

What is the purpose of calcium?

Answer 33

involved with bone health, neuromuscular activity and endocrine function.

Question 34

What is calcium bound to?

Answer 34

Serum albumin

Question 35

What is the corrected Ca equation?

Answer 35

CoCa = 0.8 (4mg/dL- albumin) + Ca

Question 36

What is twitching, constipation, and kidney stones a symptom of?

Answer 36

Hypercalcemia

Question 37

What is tingling a symptom of?

Answer 37

Hypocalcemia

Question 38

What is the normal phosphate range?

Answer 38

2.6-4.5 mg/dL

Question 39

What are normal albumin ranges?

Answer 39

3.5-5 g/dL

Question 40

Why is albumin important?

Answer 40

It shows the amount of free drug in the system

Question 41

What are normal hemoglobin ranges for males and females?

Answer 41

Males: 14-18 g/dL Females: 12-16 g/dL Low could mean iron or B12 deficiency

Question 42

What are the normal hematocrit ranges for males and females?

Answer 42

Males: 42-50% Females: 36-45% High hematocrit could mean dehydration

Question 43

What is the normal range for white blood cells?

Answer 43

3.8-10.8 x10^3 cells/uL. High means infection (except for AIDS)

Question 44

What is the normal range for platelets?

Answer 44

140-440 x10^3. The lower the number, the less likely you are to clot.