Lab Values Flashcards
What is on CBC values?
WBC, hemoglobin/hematocrit, platelets
What is ref range for WBC?
5-11 k
high (leukocytosis)- infection, tissue necrosis
low- (leukopenia)- bone marrow supresion
What are RR for HgB?
Female- 12-16
Male- 14-17
What are suggested PT implications for Hgb?
greater than 10- activity as tolerated
8-10 light exercise
less than 7- no exercise or only ROM
What is ratio of Hgb to Hct?
1/3 of Hct
What are Hct RR?
36-48- females
42-52 males
What are pt implications for Hct?
30%- activity as tolerated
25-30 light exercise
less than 25 no exercise
less than 20- pt may have shortness of breath, tachy
How much percent should Hct go up after a blood transfusion?
3 percent
RR for platelets?
150-450 k
Suggest PT implications for platelets?
50 or above- progressive resistance exercise
less than 50- no deep tissue massage, no MMT, resistance training
30-50 mod exercise
20-30 light exercise, no bike/treadmill
less than 20 : AROM and necessary ADL
RR range for prothrombin time?
11-16 seconds
affected by warfarin
greater than 25, guard pt, as high risk of bleeding
RR for PTT?
30-45
affected by heparin
1.5- 2.5 normal time is goal for DVT prophylaxis
RR for INR?
0.9-1.1 affected by warfarin
- 0-3.0- normal for DVT, PE, MI, THA
- 5-3.5- recurrent DVT, mechanical valves
What are pt implications for INR?
if DVT present mobilize pt if under 2
greater than 4, no resisted exercise, use RPE less than 11
greater than 5 check with physician, no exercise
What is on a metabolic panel (Chem 7)?
Na/ K- Cl/HCO- BUN/creatinine- glucose
What are RR for Na?
135-145
What is hypernatremia?
usually associated with dehydration, increased sweating, salt diarrhea
What are typical symtpoms of hypernatremia?
over 155- tachy, HTN, decrease urine, thirsty, lethargy
over 160- heart failure, seizures, coma
What is hyponatremia?
associated with SIADH, fluid overload, HF, diuretics,
sx- lethargy, confusion, cramping, weakness
critical values under 125, under 110 possible irreversible damage
What are K norms?
3.5-5, regulated by kidneys
What is hyperkalemia?
caused by renal failure, SBO, over repletion by medical staff
sx: tremors, twitching, weakness, decreased cardiac conduction, brady
What is hypokalemia?
caused by diuretics, diarrhea, NG suction, vomiting
sx: weakness, fatigue, confusion, N/V, increased cardiac irritability (PVC, VT)
What are PT implications for K?
less than3.2 consider holding therapy
What are RR for Cl?
100-112, accompanies Na to maintain osmotic pressure
What is hyperchloremia?
caused by dehydration
sx: lethargy, weakness, hyperventalation
What is hypochloermia?
caused by vomiting, over hydration, HF, diuretics
sx: neuro and muscular hyperexcitability, hypoventilation, hypotension
What is RR for HCO?
22-26, part of pH buffering system
What is RR for BUN?
6-21, increased in acute and chronic renal failure, high protein diets
decreased in high carb diets, malabsorption
What are norms for creatinine?
0.8-1.4
increased in renal or metabolic impairment
What is BUN/ Cre ratio?
used to determine chronic vs acute disease
What is normal fasting glucose?
70-110
What are PT implications for glucose?
avoid heat and exercise to area of insulin injections for one hour after injection
if under 100 and taking insulin may need to eat more carbs before exercise
What is hyperglycemia?
polyuria, polydyspia, dry mouth
What is ketoacidosis?
fruity/ acetone breath, confusion, weak rapid pulse
What level should you defer PT?
greater than 240 defer till after insulin
critical level- greater than 450
What is hypoglycemia?
rapid onset, sweating, shakiness, dizziness, headache, anxiety
sx can occur at 60-70
critical level is 50
What are RR for magnesium?
1.7-2.2
concern is tachyarrhytmia with hypomagenisum
What are RR for albumin?
3.5-5.2
protein found in serum important for intravascular oncotic pressure
hypo can contribute to edema
When is bradycardia contraindicated?
if symptomatic or if caused by 2nd degree type 2 or 3rd degree heart block
What should you do with resting HR 120-150?
precaution to exercise but not contraindicated
over 150 is contra
What is diastolic number that is of concern?
under 60 calculate MAP
over 115 contra contact MD
if rise is greater than 10 with exercise, consider ischemia
What is systolic number that is of concern?
under 100 calculate MAP
over 160 consult with medical team
over 200 contraindication refer to MD
What is MAP formula?
systolic (2 x diastolic)/ 3
What are numbers for MAP?
over 60 needed for end organ perfusion
under 60 is red flag unless a known baseline
What are SP o2 numbers?
86-89 stop exercise use supp O2
under 85 no activty refer to md
