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NCLEX > Lab Values > Flashcards

Lab Values Flashcards

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1
Q

Normal PT

A

11-15 seconds

Male: 9.6-11.8 seconds

Female: 9.5-11.3

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2
Q

Normal INR

A

0.7-1.8

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3
Q

Normal Fibrinogen

A

200-400 mg/dL

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4
Q

Normal PTT

A

25-35 seconds

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5
Q

Normal pH

A

7.35-7.45

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6
Q

Normal PaCO2

A

35-45

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7
Q

Normal HCO3

A

21-28

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8
Q

Normal PaO2

A

80-100

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9
Q

Normal Oxygen saturation

A

95%-100%

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10
Q

Respiratory Acidosis (pH, CO2, compensation)

A

pH: less than 7.35

CO2: over 45

Compensation: HCO3 >26

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11
Q

Respiratory Alkalosis (pH, CO2, compensation)

A

pH: >7.45

CO2: less than 35

Compensation: HCO3 less than 21

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12
Q

Metabolic acidosis (pH, HCO3, compensation)

A

pH: less than 7.35

HCO3: less than 21

Compensation: CO2 less than 35

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13
Q

Metabolic alkalosis (pH, HCO3, compensation)

A

pH: >7.45

HCO3: >28

Compensation: CO2 >45

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14
Q

CO2 levels

A

Normal: 35-45

  • Less than 35 = alkalosis
  • Over 45 = acidosis
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15
Q

HCO3 levels

A

Normal: 21-28

  • Less than 21: acidosis
  • Over 28: Alkalosis
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16
Q

Normal WBC

A

4,500-11,00

(5-10)

Neutropenia: less than 1,000

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17
Q

Normal hemoglobin

A

12-16

Male: 14-16.5

Female: 12-15

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18
Q

Normal hematocrit

A

35-47

Male: 42%-52%

Female: 35%-47%

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19
Q

Normal platelets

A

150,000-400,000

*Increased bleeding with low platelet count

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20
Q

Normal Na

A

135-145

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21
Q

Normal Cl

A

94-110

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22
Q

Normal BUN

A

8-25

*Elevated indicates a slowing of the glomerular filtration rate

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23
Q

Normal Glucose

A

70-100 w/o diabetes

70-130 w/ diabtes

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24
Q

Normal K

A

3.5-5.0

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25
Q

Normal CO2 on chem-7

A

22-32

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26
Q

Normal Creatinine

A

0.5-1.5 (0.6-1.3)

Increased level indicates a slowing of glomerular filtration rate

27
Q

Cranial Nerves

A
  1. Olfactory (sensory)
  2. Optic (sensory)
  3. Oculomotor (motor)
  4. Trochlear (motor)
  5. Trigeminal (sensory/motor)
  6. Abducens (motor)
  7. Facial (sensory/motor)
  8. Cochlear/vestibular (sensory)
  9. Glossopharyngeal (sensory/motor)
  10. Vagus (sensory/motor)
  11. Spinal accessory (motor)
    12 Hypoglossal (motor)
28
Q

Digoxin therapeutic level

A

0.5-2.0

29
Q

Irone (male)

A

65-175

30
Q

Irone (female)

A

50-170

31
Q

RBC (male)

A

4.5-6.2 million

32
Q

RBC (female)

A

4.0-5.5 million

33
Q

Creatine Kinase (cardio)

A

26-174 units/L

*CK level begins to rise within 6 hours of muscle damage and peaks at 18 hours (returns to normal in 2-3 days)

34
Q

ALT

A

10-40 units

Used to identify hepatocellular injury and inflammation of the liver

  • Previous IM injections may cause elevated levels
  • No fasting required for test
35
Q

AST

A

10-30 units

Used to identify hepatocellular injury and inflammation of the liver

  • Previous IM injections may cause elevated levels
  • No fasting required for test
36
Q

Bilirubin, direct (conjugated) adult

A

0-0.3 mg/dL

37
Q

Bilirubin, indirect (unconjugated) adult

A

0.1-1.0 mg/dL

38
Q

Bilirubin total (adult)

A

Lower than 1.5 mg/dL

39
Q

Total cholesterol

A

Lower than 200mg/dL

40
Q

LDL

A

Lower than 130 mg/dL

  • For those at risk with heart disease: lower than 100mg/dL
  • High risk heart disease: lower than 70mg/dL
41
Q

HDLs

A

60mg/dL or higher

42
Q

INR therapeutic Warfarin level

A

2-3 for standard warfarin

3-4.5 for high-dose warfarin

43
Q

PTT therapeutic Heparin level

A
  1. 5-2.0 times the normal

so. .. ~16.5/22 - 22.5/30

44
Q

Intradermal needle angle

A

10-15 degrees

45
Q

Subcutaneous injections (2)

A
  1. Never administer more than 1mL per injection

2. 45 or 90 degree angle

46
Q

IM injections (2)

A
  1. Never administer more than 3mL per injection
    * When volumes more than 3mL are required, a 5mL syringe will be used
  2. 90 degree angle
47
Q

Insulin syringe

A

Standard unit -100 insulin syringe is used to measure unit-100 insulin only

*Calibrated for a total of 100 units or 1mL

Low-dose insulin syringes (1/2mL sizes) may be used when administering smaller doses

48
Q

Normal Magnesium

A

1.3-2.3 mg/dL

49
Q

Normal Urine Specific Gravity

A

1.010-1.030

50
Q

Normal Respiratory Rate in Adults

A

12-20 breaths/min

51
Q

Normal Pulse in Adults

A

60-100bpm

52
Q

CVP

A

Normal: 2-8

Over 8: hypervolemia or poor cardiac contractility with symptoms of FVD

Less than 2: hypovolemia

53
Q

Newborn/Infant Vitals

A

Temp: 98.6-99.0

HR: 120-160

RR: 30-60

BP: 80-90 / 40-50

54
Q

1 year old vitals

A

Temp: 97.0-99.0

HR: 90-130

RR: 20-40

BP: ~90/56

55
Q

Toddler Vitals

A

Temp: 97.6-98.6

HR: 80-120

RR: 20-30

BP: ~92/55

56
Q

Pre-Schooler Vitals

A

Temp: 97.6-98.6

HR: 70-110

RR: 16-22

BP: ~95/57

57
Q

School-aged Vitals

A

Temp: 97.6-98.6

HR: 60-100

RR: 18-20

BP: ~107/64

58
Q

Adolescent Vitals

A

Temp: 97.6-98.6

HR: 55-90

RR: 12-20

BP: ~121/70

59
Q

Adult Vitals

A

Temp: 97.6-98.6

HR: 60-100

RR: 12-20

BP: 90-120 / 60-80

60
Q

Normal Serum Albumin

A
  1. 5-5.5

* Deficiency decreases oncotic pressure (edema)

61
Q

Airborne Precautions (4)

A

single room w/ negative pressure, door kept closed, MASK

  1. Measles
  2. Chicken pox
  3. Zoster
  4. TB
62
Q

Droplet precautions (13)

A

Private room or with cohort client, mask w/i 3 feet of client, mask on client when leaving room
*Door can be open

  1. Adenovirus
  2. Diptheria
  3. Epiglotitis
  4. FLU (also contact)
  5. Meningitis**
  6. Mumps
  7. Pneumonia
  8. Parvovirus
  9. Pertusiss
  10. RUBELLA
  11. Scarlet fever
  12. Sepsis
  13. Strep
63
Q

Contact Precaution (6)

A

Gown and gloves; private room or with cohort

  1. resistant organisms
  2. C diff
  3. Respiratory infections – RSV
  4. FLU - also droplet
  5. Wound and skin infections (herpes, diptheria, impetigo, scabies, zoster, staph)
  6. Eye infections (conjunctivitis)

NCLEX (3 decks)

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