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Lab values Flashcards

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1
Q

Red blood cell count - Normal Values

A

F: 4.0-5.2 x 10^12L
M: 4.5-5.9 x 10^12L

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2
Q

Increased Red Blood cell count value can be caused by

A

Dehydration, induced hypoxia, polycythemia

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3
Q

Decreased red blood cell count value can be caused by?

A

Anemias, hypothyroidism, leukemias

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4
Q

Hemoglobin (Hb) - normal values

A

F: 120-150 g/L
M: 139-163 g/L

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5
Q

Increased Hb can be caused by?

A

Chronic obstructive lung disease, polycythemia, high altitudes, burns, shock

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6
Q

Decreased Hb can be caused by?

A

Anemia, severe hemorrhage

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7
Q

Whole blood - normal values

A

0-75mg/L

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8
Q

Increased whole blood levels can be caused by?

A

Chronic obstructive lung disease, polycythemia, high altitudes, burns, shock

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9
Q

Decreased whole blood levels can be caused by?

A

Anemia, severe hemorrhage

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10
Q

Fetal plasma - normal value

A

<0.01

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11
Q

Hematocrit (Hct) - normal value

A

F: 0.36-0.46
M: 0.41-0.53

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12
Q

Increased Hct can be caused by?

A

Dehydration, ploycythemia

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13
Q

Decreased Hct can be caused by?

A

Leukemia, hemorrhage

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14
Q

Mean red cell Hb - Normal value

A

26-34pg/RBC

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15
Q

Increased red cell Hb can be caused by

A

Macrocytosis

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16
Q

Decreased red cell Hb can be caused by

A

microcytic hypochromic anemia

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17
Q

Mean red cell Hb concentration - normal range

A

310-370 g/L

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18
Q

Increased mean red cell Hb concentration can be caused by

A

spherocytosis

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19
Q

Decreased mean red cell Hb concentration can be caused by

A

chronic iron deficiency anemia

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20
Q

mean red cell volume - normal range

A

80-100 fL

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21
Q

increased mean red cell volume

A

aplastic anemia, cirrhosis, folic acid, vitamin B12

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22
Q

decreased mean red cell volume

A

chronic iron deficiency anemia

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23
Q

White blood cell (WBC) total count - Normal value

A

5.0-10.0x10^9/L

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24
Q

increased WBC

A

acute leukemia, infections, surgery and trauma

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25
Q

decreased WBC

A

acute chromic leukemias, aplastic anemia, agranulocytosis

26
Q

WBC differentials - % of total WBC: Band neutrophils

A

3-6%

27
Q

Increased band neutrophils

A

severe bacterial disease

28
Q

WBC differentials - % of total WBC: Segmented neutrophils

A

50-62%

29
Q

WBC differentials - % of total WBC: Lymphocytes

A

25-40%

30
Q

WBC differentials - % of total WBC: monocytes

A

3-7%

31
Q

WBC differentials - % of total WBC: Eosinophils

A

0-3%

32
Q

WBC differentials - % of total WBC: Basophils

A

0-1%

33
Q

What is the origin of the Erythrocytes

A

Bone Marrow

34
Q

What is the origin of Granulocytes and Monocytes?

A

Bone Marrow

35
Q

What is the origin of Lymphocytes and Plasma cells

A

Lymph tissue

36
Q

What are the origins of platelets (megakaryocytes)?

A

Bone Marrow

37
Q

What is the major function of Erythrocytes?

A

Transport hemoglobin

38
Q

What is the major function of Leukocytes

A

Protection of the body

39
Q

What are the major functions of Plateltes?

A

Vascular repair

40
Q

What are the major functions of RBCs?

A
  • Transport oxygen-carrying hemoglobin
  • Transporting carbon dioxide in the form of sodium bicarbonate
  • Being an acid-base buffer for whole blood
41
Q

What is another name for WBCs?

A

Leukocytes

42
Q

What are the six types of WBCs/Leukocytes?

A

*Neutrophils *Basophils
*Lymphocytes *Eosinophils
*Monocytes *Plasma Cells
(Never Let Monkeys Eat Purple Bananas)

43
Q

What does CPK test for?

A

Creatine Phosphokinase (CPK); levels indicate the degree of normal tissue catabolism; elevated CPK reflects that damage has occured

44
Q

CPK1 tests for damage where?

A

primarily in brain; indicative of cerebrovascular accident; Normal Range 0%

45
Q

CPK2 test for damage where?

A

Exclusively in myocardium; sign of MI; normal range 0%-4%

46
Q

CPK3 test for damage where?

A

Skeleton and Myocardium.skeletal muscle disorders; normal range: 96%-100%

47
Q

Cholesterol - desirable level

A

< 200 mg/dL

48
Q

Cholesterol - borderline CHD risk

A

200-239 mg/dL

49
Q

LDL cholesterol - desirable level

A

< 130 mg/dL

50
Q

LDL cholesterol - borderline CHD risk

A

130-159 mg/dL

51
Q

HDL cholesterol - desirable level

A

> 40 mg/dL

52
Q

HDL cholesterol - borderline CHD risk

A

35-40 mg/dL

53
Q

Triglyceride - desirable level

A

<250 mg/dL

54
Q

Triglyceride - borderline CHD risk

A

250-500 mg/dL

55
Q

What is included in a microscopic urinalysis

A

color, appearance, odor, specific gravity, pH, protein, glucose, ketones, blood, bilirubin and urobilinogen,nitrate, and leukocyte esterase.

56
Q

What are the normal ranges for an ABG?

A

PO2- 75-100 mm Hg
PCO2 - 35-45 mm Hg
pH 7.35-7.45

57
Q

Normal value for urine pH?

A

4.6-8.0

58
Q

Normal value for urine color?

A

Amber-yellow

59
Q

Normal value for glucose, ketones, and protein (qualitative)?

A

none

60
Q

Normal value for protein (quantitative) - urine

A

10-100mg/24h

Nursing (2 decks)

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