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Medical Terminology > Lab Values > Flashcards

Lab Values Flashcards

1
Q

Sodium, Na+

A

136-145 mEq/L

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2
Q

Potassium, K+

A

3.5 - 5.0 mEq/L

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3
Q

Chloride, Cl-

A

97 - 108 mEq/L

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4
Q

Calcium, Ca2+

A

9 - 10.5 mg/dL

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5
Q

Phosphorous, P

A

2.5 - 4.5 mg/dL

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6
Q

Magnesium, Mg2+

A

1.3 - 2.1 mg/dL

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7
Q

Fasting blood glucose

A

<100 mg/dL

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8
Q

Glycosylated hemoglobin without diabetes

A

4 - 5.6%

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9
Q

Glycosylated hemoglobin with diabetes

A

5 - 7%

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10
Q

Normal range for RBCs (F & M)

A

Females: 4.2 - 5.4 x 106 cells/uL —(5.4-4.2=1.2)Males: 4.7 - 6.1 x 106 cells/uL —(6.1-4.7=1.4)

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11
Q

Interpretation of findings: High RBC

A

erythrocytosis, polycythemia, severe dehydration

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12
Q

Interpretation of findings: Low RBC

A

anemia,hemorrhage, renal disease

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13
Q

Normal range for Hct (hematocrit) (F & M)

A

Females: 37 - 47%Males: 42 - 52%

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14
Q

Interpretation of findings: High Hct

A

erythrocytosis,COPD, severe dehydration

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15
Q

Interpretation of findings: Low Hct

A

anemia, hemorrhage, renal disease

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16
Q

Normal range for Hb (hemoglobin) (F & M)

A

Females: 12 - 16 g/dLMales: 14 - 18 g/dL

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17
Q

Interpretation of findings: High Hb

A

erythrocytosisCOPDsevere dehydration

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18
Q

Interpretation of findings: Low Hb

A

anemiahemorrhagerenal disease

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19
Q

Normal range for MCH (mean corpuscular Hb)

A

27 - 31 pg/cell

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20
Q

Interpretation of findings: High MCH

A

megaloblastic anemia

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21
Q

Interpretation of findings: Low MCH

A

iron deficiency anemia

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22
Q

Normal range for MCV (mean corpuscular volume)

A

80 - 95 fL

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23
Q

Interpretation of findings: High MCV

A

megaloblastic anemia

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24
Q

Interpretation of findings: Low MCV

A

iron deficiency anemia

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25
Q

Normal range for Platelets

A

150,000 - 400,000 cells/mm3

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26
Q

Interpretation of findings: High Platelets

A

malignancy,polycythemia, rheumatoid artritis

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27
Q

Interpretation of findings: Low Platelets

A

splenomegaly, hemorrhage, leukemia

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28
Q

Normal range for WBCs

A

5,000 - 10,000 cells/mm3

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29
Q

Interpretation of findings: High WBC

A

infection, inflammation

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30
Q

Interpretation of findings: Low WBC

A

immunosuppression, autoimmune disease

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31
Q

Normal range for Neutrophils

A

45 - 75 %

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32
Q

Normal range for Eosinophils

A

45 - 75%

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33
Q

Normal range for Basophils

A

0 - 1%

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34
Q

Normal range for ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate)

A

15 - 20 mm/hr

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35
Q

Interpretation of findings: High ESR

A

active inflammation, infection

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36
Q

Interpretation of findings: Low ESR

A

sickle cell disease; polycythemia

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37
Q

Normal range for Iron (F & M)

A

Females: 60 - 160 mcg/ dL; Males: 80 - 180 mcg/dL

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38
Q

Interpretation of findings: High Iron

A

liver disorder, lead toxicity

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39
Q

Interpretation of findings: Low Iron

A

iron deficiency, anemia, chronic blood loss

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40
Q

Normal range for PTT (prothrombin time)

A

30 - 40 seconds

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41
Q

Interpretation of findings: Increased PTT and PT

A

vitamin K deficiency, DIC, liver disease, heparin therapy

42
Q

Interpretation of findings: Decreased PTT and PT

A

extensive cancer

43
Q

Normal range for PT (partial thromboplastin time)

A

11 - 12.5 seconds

44
Q

Normal Range for INR (International Normalized Ratio)

A

0.78 - 1.1

45
Q

Interpretation of findings: High INR

A

warfarin therapy

46
Q

Normal range for D-dimer

A

< 0.4 mcg/dL - a protein fragment in the blood that indicates whether a blood clot is present or breaking down

47
Q

Interpretation of findings: High/ + D-dimer

A

DIC (Disseminated intravascular coagulation) , malignancy

48
Q

Interpretation of findings: Low/ (-) D-dimer

A

R/O Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE)

49
Q

Normal range for Fibrinogen

A

200 - 400 mg/dL

50
Q

Interpretation of findings: High Fibrinogen

A

acute inflammation/ infectionheart disease

51
Q

what does CBC stand for ? what does it evaluate?

A

Complete blood countRBC , WBC, PLT

52
Q

what does ABG blood sample report?

A

the status of oxygenation and acid-base balance of the blood

53
Q

Normal range for pH

A

7.35 - 7.45amount of free hydrogen ions in the arterial blood

54
Q

Normal range for PaO2

A

80 - 100 mmHgpartial pressure of oxygen

55
Q

Normal range for PaCO2

A

35 - 45 mmHgpartial pressure of carbon dioxide

56
Q

Normal range for HCO3-

A

22-26 / 21 - 28 mEq/L concentration of bicarbonate in arterial blood

57
Q

Normal range for Total cholesterol and its purpose

A

< 200 mg/dL sceening for heart disease

58
Q

Normal range for LDL (Low-density lipoprotein) and its Purpose

A

<130mg/dL ‘bad cholesterol’ ; transports cholesterol from cells to liver

59
Q

Normal range for Triglycerides (F & M) and its Purpose

A

Females: 35 - 135mg/dLMales: 40 - 160mg/dLHigher levels is associated with increased heart disease risk

60
Q

Normal range for HDL (High-density lipoprotein) (F & M) and its Purpose

A

Females: >55mg/dLMales: >45mg/dL’good cholesterol’ ; protects from heart disease by transporting cholesterol from cells to liver

61
Q

Normal range for CK MB

A

30 - 170 units/Lits a cardiac enzymeprotein in blood that indicates myocardial injury

62
Q

Timing after myocardial injury for CK MB: first detected and remains elevated

A

First detected 3 - 6 hours after injury Remaind elevated 2 - 3 days

63
Q

Normal range for Troponin T

A

<0.1 ng/mLits a cardiac enzymeprotein in blood that indicates myocardial injury

64
Q

Timing after myocardial injury for Troponin T: first detected and remains elevated

A

First detected 2 - 3 hours after injuryRemains elevated 10 - 14 days

65
Q

Normal range for Asparate aminotransferase (AST)

A

0 -35 units/Lits a liver enzyme

66
Q

Interpretation of findings: Elevated Asparate aminotransferase (AST)

A

presence of Hepatitis or Cirrhosis

67
Q

Normal range for Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)

A

4 - 36 units/Lits a liver enzyme

68
Q

Interpreptation of findings: Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)

A

presence of Hepatitis or Cirrhosis

69
Q

Normal range for Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)

A

30 -120 units/Lits a liver enzyme

70
Q

Interpretation of findings: Elevated Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)

A

presence of Liver damage

71
Q

Normal range for Total bilirubin

A

0.3 - 1 mg/dL

72
Q

Interpreptation of findings: Elevated Total bilirubin

A

Elevated with altered liver functionbile duct obstruction

73
Q

Normal range for Direct (conjugated) bilirubin

A

0.1 - 0.3 mg/dL

74
Q

Interpreptation of findings: Direct (conjugated) bilirubin

A

Elevated with altered liver functionbile duct obstruction

75
Q

Normal range for Indirect (unconjugated) bilirubin

A

0.2 - 0.8 mg/dL

76
Q

Interpreptation of findings: Elevated Indirect (unconjugated) bilirubin

A

Elevated with altered liver functionbile duct obstruction

77
Q

Normal range for Albumin

A

3.5 - 5 g/dL

78
Q

Interpreptation of findings: Decreased (low) Albumin

A

Liver disease

79
Q

Normal range for Total protein (albumin + globulin)

A

6 - 8.3 g/dL

80
Q

Interpreptation of findings: Decreased (low) Total protein (albumin + globulin)

A

liver disease

81
Q

Normal range for Ammonia

A

10 - 80 mcg/dL

82
Q

Interpreptation of findings: Elevated (high) Ammonia

A

liver disease

83
Q

Normal range for Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)

A

140 - 280 U/L

84
Q

Interpreptation of findings: Elevated (high) Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)

A

tissue damage from anemialiver diseaselung diseaseinfections

85
Q

Normal range for Amylase

A

30 - 220 units/Lits a pancreatic enzyme

86
Q

Interpreptation of findings: Elevated (high) Amylase

A

pancreatitis

87
Q

Normal range for Lipase

A

0 - 160 units/Lits a pancreatic enzyme

88
Q

Interpreptation of findings: Elevated (high) Lipase

A

pancreatitis

89
Q

Normal range for Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)

A

8 -20 mg/dL

90
Q

Interpreptation of findings: for High Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)

A

renal impairmentdehydration

91
Q

Normal range for Creatinine (Cr)

A

0.6 - 1.2 mg/dL

92
Q

Interpreptation of findings: High Creatinine (Cr)

A

renal impairment

93
Q

Interpreptation of findings: Low Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)

A

decreased renal function

94
Q

Normal range for Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)

A

> 90 ml/min

95
Q

Normal range for Urinary output

A

30 ml/hrUrinalysis

96
Q

Interpretation of findings: Low Urinary output

A

renal injury impairement

97
Q

Normal range for Specific gravity

A

1.005 - 1.030 Urinalysis

98
Q

Interpretation of findings: High Specific gravity

A

dehydration

99
Q

Normal range for Urine pH and its usual values

A

Normal range: 4.5 - 8.0 Usual value: 6.0 - 7.5Urinalysis

100
Q

Normal range for Ethanol

A

< 50 mg/dL or 0.05%its a blood test

101
Q

legal alcohol limit for drivers (of ethanol levels)

A

0.08% ethanol level

Medical Terminology (5 decks)

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