Lab Values

Question 1

Hemoglobin

Answer 1

Transports oxygen to tissues
Female 12-16
Male 14-18

Question 2

Hematocrit

Answer 2

Percentage of red blood cells in the body
Female 37-47%
Male 42-52%

Question 3

WBC

Answer 3

5,000-10,000
Fight infection

Question 4

Platelets

Answer 4

Help us to clot
Stop us from bleeding
150,000-400,000

Question 5

PTT time

Answer 5

20-30 seconds

Question 6

Heparin prevents clots from forming normally jn

Answer 6

PTT
1.5-2.5x there normal

Question 7

PT time

Answer 7

10-12 seconds

Question 8

What is INR

Answer 8

Calculated from PT and is used to monitor how well warfarin is working

Question 9

Normal INR not taking warfarin

Answer 9

0.9-1.2

Question 10

INR when taking Wafrin

Answer 10

2-3

Question 11

Sodium

Answer 11

135-145

Question 12

Potassium

Answer 12

3.5-5.0

Question 13

Calcium

Answer 13

9-10.5

Question 14

Magnesium

Answer 14

1.5-2.5

Question 15

Chloride

Answer 15

98-106

Question 16

Phosphorus

Answer 16

2.5-4.5

Question 17

Glucose

Answer 17

70-110

Question 18

BUN

Answer 18

10-20

Question 19

Creatine

Answer 19

0.6-1.2

Question 20

GFR

Answer 20

Greater than 90
The rate blood is being filtered through the kidney

Question 21

When liver is in distress what goes up

Answer 21

AST
ALT

Question 22

Troponin is found where

Answer 22

In cardiac and skeletal muscles to help them contract

Question 23

Troponin

Answer 23

Should be very low if it is high, there is a fear of myocardial infarction
Normal 0-0.4 

Question 24

BNP

Answer 24

Heart failure
When there is fluid retention heart needs to pump harder
Test for CHF
Normal less than 100

Question 25

Total cholesterol

Answer 25

Less than 200

Question 26

HDL

Answer 26

Greater than 55
These r good for you

Question 27

LDL

Answer 27

Less than 130

Question 28

Triglycerides

Answer 28

Less than 160

Question 29

Thyroid stimulating hormone

Answer 29

0.5-5 milli

Question 30

T4

Answer 30

5-12

Question 31

T3

Answer 31

70-220

Question 32

Hypothyroidism

Answer 32

Low T3
Low T4
High TSH

Question 33

Hyperthyroidism (graves disease)

Answer 33

TSH low
T4 High
T3 high

Question 34

D-dimer

Answer 34

Less than 500
Looks for clots
High means clots in the body

Question 35

CRP

Answer 35

Inflammation
Less than 1

Question 36

ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate 

Answer 36

Inflammation
Male - up to 15
Female - up to 20

Question 37

Urine specific gravity

Answer 37

1.005-1.030
Increased - dehydrated
Decreased- dilute urine

Question 38

Osmolarity

Answer 38

Number of particles in urine
300-900
Increased -dehydrated
Decreased -dilute urine

Question 39

Albumin (in urine)

Answer 39

50-80
If increased worried about kidney disease

Question 40

WBC (in urine)

Answer 40

0-4
Increased worried about inflammation or UTI

Question 41

Protein ( in urine)

Answer 41

Negative
(If postive concerns for kidney disease, preeclampsia)

Question 42

Glucose (in urine)

Answer 42

Negative
(If increased worried about diabetes or kidney disease)

Question 43

Ketones (in urine)

Answer 43

Negative
Produced in DKA (diabetes)

Question 44

Respiratory acidosis

Answer 44

Too much CO2
Hypoventilation
Overdose
COPD
Asthma

Question 45

Respiratory Alkalosis

Answer 45

Not enough CO2
Hyperventilation
Panic attack

Question 46

Metabolic acidosis

Answer 46

Not enough HCO3
Renal disease
Loss of bicarb
Diarrhea

Question 47

Metabolic alkalosis

Answer 47

Too much HCO3
Too much sodium bicarb
Antacids
Vomiting