Lab Tests (General DX) Flashcards
Acid Phosphatase
PAP
Ind= Increased: Prostatic carcinoma
Albumin/Globulin (A/G) Ratio
Ind= Reversed: Multiple Myeloma
Alkaline Phosphatase
Ind= Increased: Osteoblastic lesions, hepatic disease, HPT
Amylase
Ind= Increased: Acute Pancreatitis
ANA (FANA)
ind= Collagen disease ( SLE, Scleroderma)
Antistreptolysin - O (ASO) Titre
ind= rheumatic fever, acute glomerulonephritis
Bilirubin
ind= Direct- hepatitis, duct obstruction
Indirect- hemolytic disease
BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen)
ind= Increased: Renal Disease, dehydration, hypotension, urinary tract obstruction
Decreased: hepatic disease, pregnancy
Calcium (Ca)
ind= Increased: Muscle weakness, hyperparathyroidism, hypervitaminosis D, metastatic disease
Decreased: Muscle tetany, Chvostck’s Sign, renal failure, malnutrition
CPK (Creatine Phosphokinase)
CK BB: Brain Tissue
CK MB: Myocardial Tissue
CK MM: Skeletal Muscle
Increased: Muscle necrosis
Creatinine
ind= increased: kidney disease, hypovolemic shock
decreased: muscular dystrophies
C-Reactive protein (CRP)
ind= increased: tissue necrosis, infections, RA
ELISA
screening test for AIDS
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)
ind= Increased: infection, RA, TB, temporal arteritis, MM
Decreased: Sickle cell anemia, polycythemia
Fluorescent Treponema Antibody (FTA)
Present with Syphillis
Glucose (Blood)
ind= Increased: DM, Cushing’s, renal/liver disease
Decreased: insulin overdose, Addison’s, starvation
Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT)
ind= Liver cell dysfunction and alcohol induced liver disease
Glucose Tolerance Test (GTT)
Used for diabetes testing
Glycosylated Hemoglobin
tests ability to utilize glucose over 2-3 month period. (monitor)
Heterophile (Paul Bunnel)
ind= Increased: Mono, viral meningitis
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG)
ind= Increased: Hydatidiform mole, Choriocarcinoma, Seminoma, multiple pregnancy, testicular teratoma
Decreased: ectopic pregnancy, threatened abortion
Human Leukocyte Antigen Locus (HLA) B27
Marker on 6th chromosome from birth.
AS, Reiter’s, PA, Enteropathic Arthritis
HDL Cholesterol
ind= Increased: low risk of coronary heart disease
Decreased: High risk of coronary heart disease
I-131 Uptake
ind= Increased: Hyperthyroidism, endemic goiter
Decreased: Hypothyroidism, thyroid cancer
Immunoelectophoresis
M-Spike indication Multiple Myeloma
Ketones
ind= Diabetic acidosis, starvation
Lactic Dehydrogenase (LDH)
ind= Increased: Myocardial Infarction, CHF, Muscular dystrophy
Decreased: cancer therapy
Lipase
ind= Increased: acute pancreatitis
Lipids (cholesterol)
ind= Increased: early starvation, diabetes mellitus
Decreased: late starvation, liver disease
Lipids (tyiglycerides)
ind= Increased: hyperlipidemia, DM, atherosclerosis
Decreased: Cirrhosis, malabsorbtion
LE Cell
ind= active systemic lupus erythematosus
Phosphorus
ind= Increased: acromegaly, kidney disease, hypervitaminosis D
Decreased: rickets, hypovitaminosis D, hyperparathyroidism
Protein
ind= Increased: MM, diabetic acidosis
Decreased: liver disease, kidney syndromes
Protein (CSF)
ind= Increased: viral meningitis
Prothrombin Time
ind= Increased: Vitamin K deficiency, hepatocellular disease
RA Latex
+ indicates: RA, SLE, TB, Cancer, Sjorgren’s, Still’s disease
Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase (SGOT/AST)
ind= Increased: Myocardial Infarction, liver conditions, muscular dystrophy
Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (SGPT/ALT)
ind= Increased: hepatitis, myocardial infarction
Triiodothyronine (T3)
Thyroxine (T4)
ind= Increased: hyperthyroidism, pregnancy
Decreased: Cirrhosis, hypothyroid
Treponema Pallidum Immobilizing Agent (TPI)
Syphilis
Uric Acid
ind= Increased: Gout, renal failure
Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL)
Serologic screening for syphilis
Western Blot
Specific test for AIDS