Lab tests

Question 1

Serum CPK

Answer 1

Elevated w/ muscle damage

Question 2

Aldolase

Answer 2

Elevated w/ muscle damage

Question 3

CK-MB

Answer 3

Elevated w/ muscle damage, somewhat specific to heart

Lowers 48-72 hrs after MI (good for repeat infarction)

Question 4

Troponin-I

Answer 4

Most sensitive/specific cardiac enzyme (myocardial cell death)

Question 5

BNP

Answer 5

Elevated w/ cardiac myocyte stretch/stress (CHF marker, acute CHF usu >100)

Question 6

Lactic acid (=LDH???)

Answer 6

Marker of tissue ischemia (hypoperfusion in shock)

Question 7

Alkaline phosphatase

Answer 7

Increased w/ increased bone turnover

Increased w/ liver disease (bile/GB)

Question 8

aFP

Answer 8

Marker for HCC (check in chronic Hep B)

Question 9

CEA

Answer 9

Gastric cancer
Pancreatic cancer (exocrine) (minor)
CRC

Question 10

Sudan stain

Answer 10

Stains fat in stool (+ = steatorrhea)

Question 11

D-xylose test

Answer 11

Tests ability to absorb carbs (presence of GI villi)

+ = pancreatic insufficiency, - = intestinal malabsorption

Question 12

Schilling test

Answer 12

Abnormal 1st stage = no B12 absorption/no IF

Abnormal 2nd stage = no ileum

Question 13

Ca 19-9

Answer 13

Pancreatic cancer (exocrine)

Question 14

Amylase, lipase

Answer 14

Pancreatic enzymes
(Lipase is more sensitive b/c amylase is also increased w/ salivary gland problems, etc)

Question 15

GGT

Answer 15

Very non specific liver disease

Question 16

Ca-125

Answer 16

Ovarian cancer (screening not diagnostic)

Question 17

14:18 translocation

Answer 17

Follicular lymphoma (NH)

Question 18

8:14 translocation

Answer 18

Burkitt lymphoma (NH)

Question 19

9:22 translocation

Answer 19

Philadelphia chromosome (BCR-ABL)
CML
5% ALL (15% adult ALL), rare in AML