Lab Targets Flashcards
Lab targets
Ca target?
2.20 - 2.65
Hypercalcemia: renal damage and cardiac arrest
>3.5, malignancy, thyrotoxcosis and hyperparathyroidism.
( thiazides, Li, tamoxifen,)
LOW ca: chronic renal, hyperparathyroidism
Bisphosnates, phenotoin and loop
Mg
0.7 - 1.05
Hypo: arrhythmias, tetany, severe diarrhoea
Caused by ciclosporin, bisphonates, loop and thaizide
Phosphate?
0.85 - 1.45
Hypo: occurs when >4 days of starvation; rahbdomyolysis; seizures; arrhythmias.
Hyper: CKD; hypoparathyrodism, muscle cramps, tetany, tingling.
( amphotercin,
K?
3.5 - 5.3
Hyper: caused by renal failure, addison’s, diabetic ketoacidosis.
Treatment; ca, insulin, glucose and bicarbonate.
Hypo: hypotonia, weakness, depression, paralytic ileus, diarrhoea, aldosteronism,
Creatinine?
65 - 105
High may indicate renal failure,
Na?
133 - 146
Hyper: means water depletion. A possible result to renal failure.
Treatment; dextrose infusion or dialysis.
ICS, phenytoin, Li.
Hypo: sodium depletion, water retention.
Muscles weakness, confusion, seizures and cardiac failure.
Treat: decrease fluids, mannitol and demeclocycline.
Carbamazbine, dirutics.
Urea?
2.5 - 7.8
High means renal failure , high protein and dehydration.
ALT?
10- 50 u/l
High indicate liver damage
Protein?
60 - 80 g/l
Hyper: may indicate cirrhosis
Hypo: causes oedema, and chronic liver damage.
Phenytoin.
Alkaline phosphatase?
30 - 130
Raised in cholestasis and cirrhosis.
AST ?
5 - 35 u/L
High in cirrhosis and cholestasis
Bilirubin?
4 - 25 mcg/L
They raised in both acute and chronic Liver disease.
Gamma glutamyl transferase?
<58 men
< 31 women
High indicate cirrhosis and cholestasis.
Protheombin time (INR)
1 - 1.3
High in Lead to sever liver disease.
T4?
60 - 135
TSH
0.5 - 5.5
Amiodarone and Li cause hypothyroidism and need thyroxine.
