Lab Sessions Flashcards
Eye movements where a person’s gaze shifts
Saccades
Eye movements that stabilize the image of a moving object
(Smooth) Pursuit
Eye movements that stabilize the image of a still object
Fixation
Eye movements that stabilize images during head motion
Vestibulo-ocular reflex
Eye movements that stabilize images during sustained head rotation
Optokinetic Reflexes
Eye movements that align the eyes on an object in depth
Vergence
_____ and _____are affected by age and therefore requires conservative interpretation
Saccades, pursuit
Patient reports a burst of nystagmus lasting less than a minute. Their pathology is likely _____
BBPV
Nystagmus presents during spontaneous testing with and without fixation. This a _____ finding.
Central
Nystagmus presents during spontaneous testing without fixation. This a _____ finding.
Peripheral
Patient reports that loud sounds trigger their vertigo. Their pathology is likely _____
SSCD
Patient reports that pressure changes trigger their vertigo. Their pathology is likely _____
A perilymph fistula
Neuritis is typified by dizziness that lasts
A few hours to a few days
BBPV is typified by dizziness that lasts
Under a minute
Metabolic disorders are typified by dizziness that lasts
Several days to more than six months
Which manual test assesses the patient ability to maintain fixation during head motion
Head Impulse Test
When is tasking needed
Whenever the patient isn’t fixating
Spontaneous vertical nystagmus is suggest _____ involvement
CNS
Nystagmus that changes direction is consistent with _____ involvement
CNS
Nystagmus in a fixed horizontal direction is typically ____ and _____
Peripheral, acute
Describe the Gaze Test instructions
Patient sits with their head still
Instructed to gaze at the target in four positions, up, down, left, right
Can be done with goggles covered or uncovered
20 seconds in each position
A normal result in the Gaze Test is typified by
No eye movement, no nystagmus
A abnormal result in the Gaze Test is typified by
Inability to maintain gaze, nystagmus
Describe the Gaze Test purpose
Assess patient’s ability to maintain gaze on an object without other movement
Describe the Saccade Test instructions
Patient sits with their head still
Patient follows a target with their eyes as it moves randomly across the screen
A normal result in the Saccade Test is typified by
Normal velocity, latency and accuracy of saccades
An abnormal result in the Saccade Test is typified by
Slow velocity, long latency, overshooting and undershooting saccades
Describe the Saccade Test Purpose
Asses how accurately eyes move from one point to another
Helpful for determining the involvement of the CNS
Describe the Smooth Pursuit Test instructions
Patients sit with their head still
Patient is instructed to follow the target as smooth as they can moves back and forth across the screen
Describe the Smooth Pursuit Test purpose
A normal result in the Smooth Pursuit Test is typified by
Tracing of the stimulus and response should be identical
Gain of 1 (1:1 ratio)
An abnormal result in the Smooth Pursuit Test is typified by
Response has a low gain, is out of phase or asymmetrical
Abnormal tracing aka Cogwheeling
Gain under .6
