lab safety

Question 1

what are the phases of emergency management

Answer 1

1- mitigation (effort to reduce hazards)
2- preparedness (effort to prepare for hazard)
3- response (actions are taken against emergency/disaster)
4- recovery (action is taken to restore environment to pre-disaster condition)

Question 2

what are 4 fire emergency protocols

Answer 2

1) if u catch on fire, Stop, Drop, Roll
2) if trained to use extinguisher, use in a position where you are able to escape
3) if fire is large/spreading, activate fire alarm and alert people
4)evacuate building

Question 3

what do you do when you get chemicals on skin/ clothes

Answer 3

1) immediately flush with water for no less than 15 mins for larger spills, safety shower should be used
2)while rinsing, quickly remove all contaminated items and beware of eye contamination
3)check MSDS to determine possible effects
4) discard of contaminated clothes

Question 4

what do you do when you get chemicals in eyes

Answer 4

1) immediately flush eyes with water for 15 min
2) contact safety department and explain issue

Question 5

what do you do when you inhale chemicals

Answer 5

1) close containers, open windows/ increase ventilation
2)if any illness/sickness is experienced, seek medical attention and explain in detail
3)review MSDS to determine possible health risks

Question 6

what do you do when you accidentally ingest a chemical

Answer 6

immediately seek medical attention

Question 7

what are the aims of first aid

Answer 7

• save a life
  -protect casualty from getting more harm
• reduce pain and prioritise treatment of casualty

Question 8

proitries of first aid

Answer 8

asphyxia
cardiac arrest
severe hemorrage
shock

Question 9

what does DRABC stand for

Answer 9

Danger (only proceed with first aid if it is safe for you to do so)
Respond (try to get a response from casualty to check consciousness by gently tapping/ asking)
Airway ( check airway to see if open, put hand on forehead and support chin with 2 fingers and gently tilt head up)
Breathing (check for signs of breathing)
Circulation

Question 10

steps for recovery position?

Answer 10

-place casuality’s at a right angle to body
- place nearer arm across chest
-bend nearer knee up
- roll victim away from you, support victim until airway is checked

Question 11

what to do if victim is not breathing

Answer 11

EAR( expired air resusitation)
1- keep victim’s head tilted back
2- pinch the patient’s nostril with your thumb and index finger to block air coming from nose
3-lift jaw forward with your other hand
4- take deep breath and open your mouth wide
5- place your mouth firmly over the victims mouth making an airtight seal
6- breath into victims mouth
7- remove mouth and see if breathing
8- give 10 breaths and check pulse, then give 15 breaths per min

Question 12

what to do if breathing is present but no pulse?

Answer 12

CPR

Question 13

what does an MSDS contain?

Answer 13

product name, composition, hazards, first aid measures, fire fighting, proper steps for spills, handling and storage, PPE, physical/ chemical properties, stability and reactivity, toxicology, disposal/ transportation, regulatory regulations, other info

Question 14

what is the nfpa diamond

Answer 14

4 square diamond, blue, red, yellow and white squares

Question 15

what is blue on the nfpa diamond

Answer 15

health hazard. from 0-4. 0 poses no threat, 4 short exposure will have either long term effects or be lethal)

Question 16

what is red on nfpa diamond

Answer 16

fire hazard. from 0-4. 0 minimal or doesn’t burn, 4 will rapidly burn/ combust at normal temp/pressure or burn in air

Question 17

what is yellow on nfpa diamond

Answer 17

reactivity level. from 0-4. 0 non-reactive / stable. 4 readily capable of detonation/reacts at normal temp

Question 18

what is white on nfpa diamond

Answer 18

specific hazards
W = potential hazard if water used to fight fire
ACID = acid and corrosive
COR = corrosive whether acid or base
ALK= alkaline
OX= oxidizer and can greatly increase combustion

Question 19

what are the microbiology safety rules?

Answer 19

• treat all microorganisms as potential pathogens
• disinfect surfaces before/ after use
• sterilise equipment/ materials

Question 20

what are the glassware safety rules?

Answer 20

• dispose of chipped/ cracked glass (in specific bag)
• make sure glass is resting on surface away from edge when pouring liquids
• pour liquids using stirring rods to avoid splashing
  -apply lubricant when inserting glass tubing into rubber stopper
• do not place hot glass into water (shatter hazard)

Question 21

what are the electrical safety rules?

Answer 21

• put electric cords in a non trip zone
• always use dry hands when dealing with electricity
• unplug cords using plug
• make sure everything is unplugged after session

Question 22

what are the heating safety rules?

Answer 22

• let burners/hotplates cool before touching
• use tongs/protective gloves
• never reach over open flames
• point top end of test tubes that are being heated away from people
• when heating, move tube around flame slowly to distribute heat
• place on wire gauze platform on ring

Question 23

what are the radiation safety rules

Answer 23

• always keep distance between you and the radioactive source
• 3 factors affect radiation (time, distance and shielding)