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Earth Rocks > Lab Quiz > Flashcards

Lab Quiz Flashcards

1
Q

Amphibole

Diaphaneity? Cleavage? Metallic? Use?

A
  1. Amphibole
  2. Opaque
  3. 2, not at 90
  4. No
  5. Schist

Hardness = 5-6

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2
Q

Talc

Diaphaneity? Cleavage? Metallic? Use?

A
  1. Talc
  2. Translucent
  3. Basal
  4. No
  5. Talcum powder, insulators

Hardness = 1

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3
Q

Quartz

Diaphaneity? Cleavage? Metallic? Use?

A
  1. Quartz
  2. Translucent
  3. None
  4. No
  5. Marble, sandstone, very resistant to weathering, gemstones, electronics

Hardness = 7

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4
Q

Gypsum

Diaphaneity? Cleavage? Metallic? Use?

A
  1. Gypsum
  2. Transparent
  3. Basal
  4. No
  5. Plaster and drywall

Hardness = 2

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5
Q

Halite

Diaphaneity? Cleavage? Metallic? Atoms? Use?

A
  1. Halite
  2. Transparent
  3. Cubic
  4. No

5 Na, Cl

  1. Road salt

Salt is an evaporite!

Hardness = 2.5

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6
Q

Calcite

Diaphaneity? Cleavage? Metallic? Atoms? Use?

A
  1. Calcite
  2. Translucent
  3. Rhombohedral
  4. No
  5. Ca
  6. Marble, cement (lime), flux in steel making

Hardness = 3

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7
Q

Magnetite

Diaphaneity? Cleavage? Metallic? Atoms? Use?

A
  1. Magnetite
  2. Opaque
  3. No
  4. Yes
  5. Fe
  6. Iron

Hardness = 6

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8
Q

Pyroxene

Diaphaneity? Cleavage? Metallic? Use?

A
  1. Pyroxene
  2. Opaque
  3. 2 at 90
  4. No
  5. Rock forming mineral

Hardness = 6

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9
Q

Orthoclase

Diaphaneity? Cleavage? Metallic? Atoms? Use?

A
  1. Orthoclase (feldspar)
  2. Transclucent
  3. 2 at 90
  4. No
  5. Ceramics, granite, gemstones

Hardness = 6

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10
Q

Biotite

Diaphaneity? Cleavage? Metallic? Use?

A
  1. Biotite (black mica)
  2. Opaque
  3. Basal
  4. No
  5. Rock-forming

Hardness = 2.5

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11
Q

Muscovite

Diaphaneity? Cleavage? Metallic? Use?

A
  1. Muscovite (white mica)
  2. Transparent
  3. Basal
  4. Windows, glass coverings, good at withstanding heat

Hardness = 2.5

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12
Q

Plagioclase Feldspar

Diaphaneity? Cleavage? Atoms? Use?

A
  1. Plagioclase (feldspar)
  2. Translucent
  3. 2 at 90
  4. Na (felsic), Ca (mafic)
  5. Rock-forming mineral, gemstones

Hardness = 6

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13
Q

Galena

Diaphaneity? Cleavage? Metallic? Atoms? Use?

A
  1. Galena
  2. Opaque
  3. Cubic
  4. Yes
  5. Pb ore
  6. Batteries

Hardness = 2.5

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14
Q

Chalcopyrite

Diaphaneity? Cleavage? Metallic? Atoms? Use?

A
  1. Chalcopyrite
  2. Opaque
  3. None
  4. Yes
  5. Cu ore
  6. Copper wire

Hardness = 4

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15
Q

Pyrite

Diaphaneity? Cleavage? Metallic? Atoms? Use?

A
  1. Pyrite (“fools gold”)
  2. Opaque
  3. None
  4. Yes
  5. S, Associated with ores of metals
  6. Source of sulfur for manufacturing sulfuric acid

Hardness = 6.5

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16
Q

Olivine

Diaphaneity? Cleavage? Metallic? Use?

A
  1. Olivine
  2. Translucent
  3. None
  4. No
  5. Rock-forming mineral

Hardness = 6.5

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17
Q

Graphite

Diaphaneity? Cleavage? Metallic? Atoms? Use?

A
  1. Graphite
  2. Opaque
  3. Basal
  4. No
  5. C
  6. Lubricant, steel hardening, high tech material

Hardness = 1

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18
Q

Sphalerite

Diaphaneity? Cleavage? Metallic? Minerals? Use?

A
  1. Sphalerite
  2. Opaque
  3. More than 3, not at 90
  4. Yes
  5. Zn
  6. Zinc ore - used for the production of galvanizing iron

Hardness = 4

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19
Q

Breccia

Texture? Parent magma composition? Minerals involved? Origin of formation?

A
  1. Breccia
  2. Pyroclastic
  3. Felsic
  4. Quartz, orthoclase, Na-rich plagioclase
  5. Extrusive
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20
Q

Peridotite

Texture? Parent magma composition? Minerals involved? Origin of formation?

A
  1. Peridotite
  2. Phaneritic
  3. Ultramafic
  4. Olivine, pyroxene
  5. Intrusive
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21
Q

Tuff

Texture? Parent magma composition? Origin of formation?

A
  1. Tuff
  2. Pyroclastic
  3. Likely felsic
  4. Extrusive
22
Q

Pumice

Texture? Parent magma composition? Minerals involved? Origin of formation?

A
  1. Pumice
  2. Glassy (due to quenching by water or air)
  3. Felsic
  4. None
  5. Extrusive
23
Q

Diorite

Texture? Parent magma composition? Minerals involved? Origin of formation?

A
  1. Diorite
  2. Phaneritic
  3. Intermediate (some felsic material, some mafic)
  4. Quartz, plagioclase, amphibole, biotite
  5. Intrusive (found near subduction zones)
24
Q

Gabbro

Texture? Parent magma composition? Minerals involved? Origin of formation?

A
  1. Gabbro
  2. Phaneritic
  3. Mafic
  4. Pyroxene, Ca-rich plagioclase, olivine, amphibole
  5. Intrusive, found in lower oceanic crust
25
Q

Basalt

Texture? Parent magma composition? Minerals involved? Origin of formation?

A
  1. Basalt
  2. Aphanitic
  3. Mafic
  4. Pyroxene, Ca-rich plagioclase, amphibole, biotite
  5. Extrusive
26
Q

Granite

Texture? Parent magma composition? Minerals involved? Origin of formation?

A
  1. Granite
  2. Felsic
  3. Phaneritic
  4. Orthoclase, Na-rich plagioclase, quartz, biotite
  5. Intrusive
27
Q

Obsidian

Texture? Parent magma composition? Minerals involved? Origin of formation?

A
  1. Obsidian
  2. Glassy (quenched)
  3. Felsic
  4. No minerals
  5. Extrusive
28
Q

Rhyolite

Texture? Parent magma composition? Minerals involved? Origin of formation?

A
  1. Rhyolite
  2. Aphanitic
  3. Felsic
  4. Orthoclase, Na-rich plagioclase, quartz, biotite
  5. Extrusive
29
Q

Travertine

Parent rock? Clastic, chemical or organic? Texture? Mineral in it? Location of formation? Use?

A
  1. Travertine
  2. Limestone
  3. Chemical
  4. Banded/porous
  5. Calcite
  6. Karst environments, carbonates extracted from groudwater in limestone caves to form new carbonate deposits
  7. Building material
30
Q

Rock Gypsum

Clastic, chemical or organic? Texture? Mineral in it? Location of formation? Use?

A
  1. Gypsum
  2. Chemical
  3. Fine to coarse crystalline
  4. Gypsum
  5. Restricted sea basins - evaporite
  6. Plaster and drywall
31
Q

Coal

Clastic, chemical or organic? Texture? Atom in it? Location of formation? Use?

A
  1. Coal
  2. Organic
  3. Amorphous
  4. C
  5. Swamps, from ancient decomposing plants put under heat and pressue
  6. Fossil fuels (electricity), steel-making
32
Q

Shale

Sedimentary classification? Clastic, chemical or organic? Texture? Mineral in it? Parent material? Location of formation? Use?

A
  1. Shale
  2. Detrital
  3. Clastic
  4. Very fine grained (transported far from the source)
  5. Quartz and clay minerals
  6. Silt and clay
  7. Fluvial environments, deltas, shoreline environments, quiet water in lakes, floodplanes, etc.
  8. Pottery, bricks, tile

The most ABUNDANT sedimentary rock

33
Q

Chalk

Sedimentary classification? Clastic, chemical or organic? Texture? Mineral in it? Location of formation? Use?

A
  1. Chalk
  2. Detrital
  3. Organic
  4. Shells of tiny organisms (plankton), clay soft
  5. Calcite
  6. Deep ocean environments
  7. Writing utensil
34
Q

Conglomerate

Sedimentary classification? Clastic, chemical or organic? Texture? Mineral in it? Location of formation?

A
  1. Conglomerate
  2. Detrital
  3. Clastic
  4. Course grained (has not yet travelled far from the source)
  5. Rounded rock fragments of any composition
  6. Alluvial fans, gravel deposits ex. at the foot of a mountain, landslide, etc., fluvial environments in channels of streams
35
Q

Micrite

Parent Rock? Clastic, chemical or organic? Texture? Mineral in it? Location of formation?

A
  1. Micrite
  2. Limestone
  3. Chemical or organic
  4. Microcrystalline, conchoidal fracture
  5. Calcite
  6. Sea water and deep ocean environments
36
Q

Sandstone

Clastic, chemical or organic? Texture? Mineral in it? Location of formation?

A
  1. Sandstone
  2. Clastic
  3. Medium grained
  4. Quartz
  5. Sand dunes, fluvial environments, eolian environments
37
Q

Rock Salt

Clastic, chemical or organic? Texture? Mineral in it? Location of formation? Use?

A
  1. Rock salt
  2. Chemical
  3. Fine to coarse crytalline
  4. Halite
  5. Restricted sea basins - evaporite
  6. Food, road salt
38
Q

Arkose

Parent Rock? Clastic, chemical or organic? Texture? Mineral in it? Location of formation?

A
  1. Arkose
  2. Sandstone
  3. Clastic
  4. Medium grained
  5. Quartz, lots of orthoclase and feldspars
  6. Alluvial fans - stream deposits at the base of mountains
39
Q

Coquina

Parent rock? Clastic, chemical or organic? Texture? Mineral in it? Location of formation? Use?

A
  1. Coquina
  2. Limestone
  3. Organic
  4. Loosely cemented fossils
  5. Calcite
  6. Shorelines, beaches
40
Q

Chert

Clastic, chemical or organic? Texture? Mineral in it? Location of formation?

A
  1. Chert
  2. Chemical
  3. Cryptacrystalline
  4. Chalcedony
  5. Organic reefs and shallow marine environments
41
Q

Siltstone

Name? Clastic, chemical or organic? Texture? Mineral in it? Location of formation?

A
  1. Siltstone
  2. Clastic
  3. Fine grained
  4. Quartz and other clay minerals
  5. Deltas and shoreline environments
42
Q

Fossiliferous Limestone

Name? Clastic, chemical or organic? Texture? Mineral in it? Location of formation? Use?

A
  1. Fossiliferous limestone
  2. Organic
  3. Microcrystalline calcite
  4. Calcite
  5. Coral reefs
43
Q

Chlorite schist

Foliated? Texture? Minerals? Metamorphic grade? Parent rock?

A
  1. Chlorite schist
  2. Foliated
  3. Schistos
  4. Chlorite
  5. Medium
  6. Basalt
44
Q

Mica schist

Foliated? Texture? Minerals? Metamorphic grade? Parent rock?

A
  1. Mica schist
  2. Foliated
  3. Schistos
  4. Muscovite, quartz, biotite
  5. Medium
  6. Shale
45
Q

Quartzite

Name? Foliated? Texture? Minerals? Parent rock?

A
  1. Quartzite
  2. No - minerals cannot elongate
  3. Coarse grained
  4. Quartz
  5. Sandstone
46
Q

Gneiss

Foliated? Texture? Minerals? Metamorphic grade?

A
  1. Gneiss
  2. Foliated
  3. Gneissic layering
  4. Feldspar, quartz, amphibole, orthoclase, muscovite, biotite
  5. High grade
47
Q

Name? Foliated? Texture? Minerals? Metamorphic grade?

A
  1. Slate
  2. Foliated
  3. Slaty cleavage
  4. Quartz, muscovite, chlorite
  5. Low
48
Q

Name? Foliated? Texture? Minerals?

A
  1. Marble
  2. No - thermal metamorphism
  3. Fine to coarse grained
  4. Calcite
49
Q
A
50
Q

What is the origin of a porphyritic rock? What are the large crystals called? What are the small crystals called? What is an example of a porphyritic rock?

A

Hypabyssal environments, intrusions at shallow depths.

Large crystals: phenocrysts

Small crystals: groundmass

Ex. Trachyte

51
Q

What is marble primarily composed of?

A

Calcite/limestone

Earth Rocks (4 decks)

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