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Bio 220 [Lab Quizzes] - J > Lab Quiz 2 > Flashcards

Lab Quiz 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Describe Kingdom Protista

A
  • Domain Eukarya
    -> OG thought to be Prokaryotes (Kingdom Monera) BUT ARE NOT
  • Simplest Eukaryotes
  • Mostly unicellular (some multicellular)
  • Members divided into: Free living microbes (no DZ) and Parasitic microbes (cause DZ)
  • Diverse group of microbes: some look like plants, bacteria, animals, fungus
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2
Q

Name the Subkingdoms of Kingdom Protista.

TRUE or FALSE: Subkingdoms are considered a taxon

A

Subkingdom Protozoa (animal-like)
Subkingdom Algae (plant-like)
Subkingdom Slime Molds (fungus-like)

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3
Q

True or False: Kingdom Protista is composed of Prokaryotes.

A

False, Kingdom Protista is composed of the simplest eukaryotes.

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4
Q

Describe Subkingdom Protozoa

A
  • Motile by using different structure to move.
  • Phyla classification is based on locomotion
  • are animal-like but are NOT animals.
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5
Q

Describe Subkingdom Algae

A
  • Photoautotrops - self-feeders via photosynthesis.
  • Division classification based on photosynthetic pigment (colored pigments)
  • Are plant-like but are NOT plants
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6
Q

Describe Subkingdom Slime Molds

A
  • Are fungus-like but are NOT fungus
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7
Q

What are the names of the different Phylum under SubKingdom Protozoa?

A

SMCA

  • Sarcodina
  • Mastigophora
  • Ciliaphora
  • Apicocomplexa
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8
Q

Describe the Specialized structure, Function, and other details about Phylum Sarcodina.

A
  • Pseudopodia (false feet - cytoplasmic extensions)
  • Function: Movement and phagocytosis (engulfment)
  • Ex: Amoebas
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9
Q

Describe the Specialized structure, Function, and other details about Phylum Mastigophora.

A
  • Flagella
  • Function: Movement
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10
Q

Describe the Specialized structure, Function, and other details about Phylum Ciliophora.

A
  • Cilia
  • Function: Movement; Create water vortex, suction for feeding
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11
Q

Describe the Specialized structure, Function, and other details about Phylum Apicocomplexa.

A
  • Adhesions (surface structure)
  • Function: Gliding movement
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12
Q

What are the divisions of Subkingdom Algae?

A

ECCPR
- Euglenophyta
- Chlorophyta
- Chrysophyta
- Phaeophyta
- Rhodophyta

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13
Q

Describe the alternate name and other information about Eugleophyta.

A
  • N/A
  • Fresh water algae
  • Ex: Euglena
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14
Q

Describe the alternate name and other information about Chlorophyta.

A
  • Green Algae
  • Freshwater Algae
  • Chlorophyll (green ) pigment
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15
Q

Describe the alternate name and other information about Chrysophyta.

A
  • Golden Algae
  • Freshwater Algae
  • Golden pigment
  • Ex: Diatoms
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16
Q

Describe the alternate name and other information about Phaeophyta.

A
  • Brown Algae
  • Marine Algae
  • Brown pigment
  • Ex: Kelp forest in ocean (near ocean surface)
17
Q

Describe the alternate name and other information about Rhodophyta.

A
  • Red Algae
  • Marine Algae
  • Red pigment
  • Found in deeper ocean layers (ocean floor)
18
Q

Which of the following are freshwater algae?

Chlorophyta
Phaeophyta
Rhodophyta
Two of the above

A

Chlorophyta

19
Q

Which of the following are marine algae?

Phaeophyta
Chrysophyta
Rhodophyta
Two of the above

A

Two of the above (Phaeophyta & Rhodophyta)

20
Q

Describe Division Cyanobacteria:

A
  • Cyano mean - “blue/purple”
  • OG classed as Kingdom Protista (SK Algae) BUT ARE NOT = are Prok. = Kingdom Monera
    -> FORMERLY known as Blue-Green Algae
  • Simplest photosynthetic organism
  • Major producers of oxygen
21
Q

What are the major procedures of oxygen?

Amoeba
Pseudopodia
Cyanobacteria
Euglenophyta

A

Cyanobacteria

22
Q

Describe Kingdom Fungi

A
  • Domain Eukarya = eukaryotic

Two major groups:

  • Yeast (shiny and tiny)
    -> Unicellular
    -> Found in warmer environments (ex: body temp)
  • Mold (large, fuzzy, multicolored colonies)
    -> Multicellular
    -> Found in colder enviromnemts (ex: room temp)
23
Q

Which of the following is wrong about yeast?

  • It is multicellular
  • It can be found in colder environments
  • It can be found in warmer environments
  • Two of the above*
A

Two of the above (It is multicellular & it can be found in colder environments)

24
Q

Describe Mold (its major functions)

A
  • Decomposes organic waste (ex: dead tree) by secreting extracellular enzymes (to digest waste)
  • Absorb nutrients from decomposed matter through hyphae (extensive network on long, filamentous cells)
    -> mode of aquiring nutrients UNIQUE TO FUNGI
  • Fungi are “saprophytic heterotrophs” or “saprobes”, which are organisms that lives off of dead or decaying organic material (rely on other organism for food)
25
Q

True or False: Fungi are known as photoautotrophs.

A

False, fungi are “saprophytic heterotrophs” or “saprobes” meaning they rely on other organisms for food; lives off dead or decaying organic material.

26
Q

Define: Hyphae

A

network of long, branching filamentous structures; used to absorb nutrients from decomposed matter

27
Q

Define: Mycelium

A

collection/mass of hyphae

28
Q

Define: Sporangium

A

spore-bearing structures (found at end of hyphae)

29
Q

Define: Spores

A

released from sporangia through air

30
Q

Describe Mold Spores
(production, location, reproduction)

A
  • Mold can produce large numbers of various types of spores
  • Spores contained in a specialized spore-bearing structures called sporangia/sporangium
  • Spores are disseminated in nature through the air in large numbers for the purpose of reproduction
  • Spores become the new hyphae → new mold
31
Q

Describe the description and function of the hyphae

A
  • FXN: absorb nutrients from the environment
  • Consist of nuclei, cytoplasm and organelles (some have cell wall (septum) between cells)
  • Two types based on presence/absence of cell wall
    –> One long cell with multiple nucelli → non-septated hyphae
    –> Multiple cells with a single nucleus per cell → septated hyphae
32
Q

Which type of hyphae is composed of individual cells, have a septum and have a nucleus per cell?

A

Septated Hyphae

33
Q

Which type of hyphae is composes of multiple nuclei and have no septum?

A

Non-septated Hyphae

34
Q

Describe the uses of yeast and how they reproduce.

A
  • Commercial use: in the alcohol and bread-making industries
  • Most fungi reproduce by budding (asexual reproduction)
    –> Small portion of parent cell “pinches off” or buds off to become a daughter cell
35
Q

True or False: yeast is an asexual reproduction that consist of even division to make a parent and daughter cell

A

False, yeast is an asexual reproduction that consists of uneven division to create a parent and daughter cell.

Binary fission (in bacteria) is about even division of parent cell into daughter cells.

36
Q

What is the process that bacteria uses to reproduce?

A

Bacteria uses a asexual reproduction known as binary fission which is an even division of the bacteria to create two bacteria.

37
Q

Know how to label hyphae, septum, sporangium, spores, and mycelium.

A

Check slide 6 on week 3 lab

38
Q

Be able to label Amoeba: Pseudopodia, Nucleus, Cell membrane

A

check slide 7 in week 2 lab

Bio 220 [Lab Quizzes] - J (3 decks)

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