Lab Practical II Flashcards
CN I- function
smell, sensory
CN II
optic nerve, optic foramen, vision/ sensory
CN III
oculomotor
superior orbital fissure
motor- direct eyeball, move lid, constrict pupil
CN IV
trochlear
superior orbital fissure
motor (superior oblique muscle- inferolateral eye movement)
CN V- name of V1, V2, V3 and function
V1- ophthalmic division
V2- maxillary division
V3- mandibular division
function- sensory and muscle of mastication
CN V (V1)
superior orbital fissure
CN V (V2)
foramen rotundum
CN V (V3)
foramen ovale
CN VI
superior orbital fissure
motor- lateral muscle of the eye
CN VII
internal auditory meatus
both- sensory for anterior 2/3 of the tongue, sends motor impulses to glands
CN VIII
internal auditory meatus
sensory- balance and hearing
CN IX
jugular foramen
both- swallowing, speech, taste for the posterior 1/3 of the tongue
CN X
jugular foramen
both- muscles for swallowing, sensory/motor for visera organs
CN XI
jugular foramen
motor- sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muslces
CN XII
hypoglossal canal
motor- movement of the tongue
papillary layer- CT?
areolar connective tissue
reticular layer- CT?
dense irregular connective tissue
papillary layer- skin receptors
meissner’s corpuscles
reticular layer- receptors
lamellar corpuscles
sudoriferous gland location: apocrine vs eccrine
apocrine- axillary and anogenital
eccrine- most common, everywhere else
meissner’s corpuscle function
senses light touch and vibration
merkel disc function
senses light and sustained pressure
free nerve ending function
senses pain and temperature
ruffini ending
sense deep pressure and skin stretch
pacinian corpuscle
senses deep pressure and vibration
pituitary gland is attached to the hypothalamus via
infundibulum
hormones of the anterior pituitary gland (adenohypophysis)
FSH- follicle stimulating hormone
LH- luteinizing hormone
ACTH- adrenocorticotropic hormone
TSH- thyroid stimulating hormone
Prl- prolactin
GH- growth hormone
hormones of the posterior pituitary gland
ADH, oxytocin
thyroid gland hormones
T3, T4, calcitonin
parathyroid gland
PTH
adrenal cortex hormones
aldosterone, cortisol, androgens
adrenal medulla hormones
epinephrine, norepinephrine
testis hormones
primary source of androgens
ovary hormones
primary source of estrogens
endocrine pancreas hormones
insulin, glucagon
why is a LP performed at L4 or L5?
because the conus medullaris is at L1/L2 so you are able to ensure you dont cause damage
conus medullaris
end of the spinal cord
cauda equina
not part of the spinal cord. its a collection of spinal nerves (think horse’s tail)
dorsal vs ventral root
dorsal - sensory (afferent)
ventral- motor (efferent)
dorsal ramus vs ventral ramus
dorsal- mixed motor and sensory
ventral- mixed motor and sensory
what are the 4 nerve plexus?
cervical, brachial, lumbar, sacral
cervical plexus
remember the phrenic nerve: C3,4,5- innervates the respiratory diaphragm
brachial plexus
remember: axillary, musculocutaneous, radial, median, and ulnar nerves (terminal nerves are all of these except ulnar)
do intercostal nerves form a plexus?
no. but they do innervate the trunk and arm
lumbar plexus nerves to know
femoral and obturator nerves
sacral plexus nerves to know
superior gluteal, inferior gluteal, sciatic, common fibular, tibial
patellar reflex arc
receptor- quadriceps femoris
afferent neuron- femoral nerve
integration center- spinal cord
efferent neuron- femoral nerve
effector- quadriceps femoris
