Lab Practical 3 Flashcards
- short nephron loop
- glomerulus further from the cortex-medulla junction
- efferent ateriole supplies per-tubular capillaries
Cortical nephron
The kidneys lie…..
Retroperitoneal
Which kideny is lower than the other
the right kidney is lower than left
The kidneys receive protection from what ribs?
11th and 12th
Each kidney has a ______ cleft or ______ on the ______ surface
vertical; hilum; medial surface
what size are the kidneys
12 cm x 6 cm x 3 cm
What three things enter and exit the kidney at the hilum
blood, lymph, and nerves
- long nephron loop
- glomerulus closer to the cortex-medulla junction
- efferent arteriole supplies vasa recta
Juxtamedullary nephron
What are the primary sex organs in a male or female
testes - male
ovaries - female
What are the accessory reproductive organs
Ducts, glands, and external glands
What do the primary male reproductive glands produce (exocrine)
Sperm
What do the primary male reproductive glands produce (endocrine)
Testosterone
What are the sites where sperm is made
Seminiferous tubules
What do the primary female reproductive organs produce (exocrine)
Ova / eggs
What do the primary female reproductive organs produce ( endocrine)
Estrogen and progesterone
These serve as a functional layer and repeatedly degenerate and regenerate
Spiral arteries
These serve as basal layer and do not degenerate
Straight arteries
From fertilization to birth
Pregnancy
The developing offspring
Conceptus
date from last menstral period
Gestation (before fertilization! 280 days)
The conceptus from fertilization to week 8
Embryo
The conceptus from week 9 to birth
Fetus
Birth to 28 days
Newborn or neonate
1 month to 1 years old
Infant
What are the processes for a sperm to successfully penetrate the egg .
- approach
- acrosomal reaction
- binding
- fusion
- block of polyspermy
The passing of characteristics from parent to child
Heredity
The study of heredity or how genes are passed from one generation to the next and then how thoese genes act and interact
Genetics
this refers to wheter a person is homozygous (HH, hh) or Hetertozygous (Hh) for each allele
Geneotype
The manner in which the genotype is expressed
Phenotype
What is the reason why siblings are not identical giving that they all inherit the same set of genes (one gene from the mother and one gene from the father)
Independent assortment and genetic recombination
A three layered embryo starts off as a _______
Flat Plate
All human cells (except gametes) contain _____ chromosomes
46
What are gametes?
Sex cells
this contains two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent - all 46 chromosomes
Diploid
Chromosomes are ______ (paired)
Homologus
This is the 44 chromosomes that determine human traits ( other chromosomes)
autosomes
gene pairs where one is inherited from your father on one from your mother
Alleles
What is the second step to occur for sperm to successfully penetrate an egg
acromosomal reaction
What is the first step to occur for sperm to successfully penetrate an egg
approach
What is the third step to occur for sperm to successfully penetrate an egg
binding
What is the fourth step to occur for sperm to successfully penetrate an egg
Fusion
What is the 5th step to occur for sperm to successfully penetrate an egg
block of polyspermy
gene pairs are matched genes that occur on the same ______ on homologous chromosomes
locus
What are examples of dominant genes that are expressed through phenotype
webbed digits
huntingtons disease
normal skin pigmentation
absence of cystic fibrosis
What are examples of recessive genese that are expressed through phenotype
normal digits
albinism
tay-sachs disease
